Makers of ElectricityWalsh, James J. (James Joseph)
History
Makers of Electricity
Walsh, James J. (James Joseph)
Electricity -- Biography
That he should have proceeded to the demonstration of the laws of
electrolysis, was the next most natural result. He showed that the
amount of any compound decomposed by the electric current is exactly
proportional to the whole quantity of electricity which has passed
through the electrolyte. Different substances are variously refractory
to dissolution under the influence of the electric current, but each one
always acts in the same way and requires the same amount of current.
Substances that are closely related to one another chemically, are also
related to one another in the amount of electricity required to bring
about decomposition of their various compounds. He showed, of course,
that there are differences of electrical relationship that make the
results produced in the decomposition of various compounds very
different. Polarization, for instance, sets in to a much greater degree
in the decomposition of some substances than of others. One consequence
is that the resistance to the passage of the electric current differs
markedly, and the opposing electromotive force will stop the current or
hamper its effects in many cases, so that, until after actual
experiment, the quantitative effect of the passage of the electric
current through a solution cannot be determined.
Faraday's opinions as to the significance of electricity in the animal
economy are very interesting because of his profound knowledge of
electrical phenomena and their place in nature. It is all the more
interesting because it is so simple, and most scientists would be apt to
say that its very simplicity is a very taking argument for its truth.
"As living creatures produce heat, and a heat certainly identical with
that of our hearths, why should they not produce electricity also, and
an electricity in like manner identical with that of our machines? Like
heat, like chemical action, electricity is an implement of life, and
nothing more."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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