Makers of ElectricityWalsh, James J. (James Joseph)
History
Makers of Electricity
Walsh, James J. (James Joseph)
Electricity -- Biography
"The hypothesis that light is an electric phenomenon is thus made highly
probable. To give a strict proof of this hypothesis would logically
require experiments upon light itself. There is an obvious comparison
between the experiments and the theory, in connection with which they
were really undertaken. Since 1861, science has been in possession of a
theory which Maxwell constructed upon Faraday's views, and which we
therefore call the Faraday-Maxwell theory. This theory affirms the
occurrence of the class of phenomena here discovered, just as positively
as the remaining electric theories are compelled to deny it. From the
outset, Maxwell's theory excelled all others in its elaboration and in
the abundance of relations between the various phenomena which it
included."
How much Maxwell's work was appreciated across the channel, may be
realized from what Poincaré said: "So sure did the results of his
(Maxwell's) theory appear as worked out for the deepest problems, that a
feeling of distrust and suspicion is likely to be mingled with our
admiration for his magnificent work. It is only after prolonged study
and at the cost of many efforts that this feeling is dissipated."
Maxwell's explanation of electricity is that it is a strain or stress in
the ether, that it is a condition or mode, and not a substance. One
distinguished foreign contemporary who had read Maxwell's books with the
greatest interest, declared that he could not be quite satisfied, since
nowhere did he find what a charge of electricity is, though he seemed to
find satisfactory information with regard to everything else. Maxwell
realized, however, the limitations of his speculation very well, and
hesitated, above all, to bind his mathematical conclusions to statements
that might prove eventually only surmises founded on insufficient
information from the standpoint of observation. Even when he gave his
explanation, he did not insist on it as absolute, but, as pointed out by
Poincaré, discussed it only as a possibility. The French scientist said:
"Maxwell does not give a mechanical explanation of electricity and
magnetism; he is only concerned to show that such an explanation is
possible."
Maxwell thoroughly believed in having a hobby as well as his regular
work, and during the time while he was devoting himself to the
mathematical explanation of electricity he turned for recreation to
certain problems in physics, in physiology and psychology, relating to
color. He worked almost as great a revolution in our knowledge of
color-vision as in any other subject that he took up. Principal Garnett
has condensed so well what Clerk Maxwell accomplished in the matter of
color-vision, in his sketch of him in "The Heroes of Science,"[33] that
I prefer to quote his explanation. He says:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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