Makers of ElectricityWalsh, James J. (James Joseph)
History
Makers of Electricity
Walsh, James J. (James Joseph)
Electricity -- Biography
Because of the supreme power of Clerk Maxwell's mind to seek out the
very heart of difficulties, the conclusions which he reached with regard
to the existence of matter and the causes for the ultimate qualities
which it exhibits, have an enduring interest. Mathematics is sometimes
said to lead minds into scepticism. Cardinal Newman even thought that
the mathematical cast of mind was the farthest removed from that which
might be expected to accept things confidently on faith. Clerk Maxwell's
intellect was eminently mathematical; yet, far from sending him over
into the camp of the agnostics, his tendency to get at the ultimate
reasons for things seemed almost to push him to conclusions with regard
to the origin of matter, and especially its ultimate constituents, not
ordinarily supposed to be scientific. A passage like the following, for
instance, which may be found in his book on "The Theory of Heat,"
London, 1872, page 312, brings out this tendency very well:
"But if we suppose the molecules to be made at all, or if we suppose
them to consist of something previously made, why should we expect any
irregularity to exist among them? If they are, as we believe, the only
material things which still remain in the precise condition in which
they first began to exist, why should we not rather look for some
indication of that spirit of order, our scientific confidence in which
is never shaken by the difficulty which we experience in tracing it in
the complex arrangements of visible things, and of which our moral
estimation is shown in all our attempts to think and speak the truth,
and to ascertain the exact principles of distributive justice?"
The argument from design for creation is often said in our day to have
lost its weight. For Clerk Maxwell, however, this was evidently not the
case. On the contrary, he seemed to find in the detailed knowledge of
the ultimate constituents of matter which had come in recent years,
additional proofs of the great design which permeates nature. He had
come to the conclusion that not only were the groups of atoms which make
up living things so ordered as to produce definite results, because
there was a great purpose and, above all, a great Designer behind
nature, but he also reached the position that the separate atoms of
matter were so ordered with regard to one another, and in that ordering
were so closely related to corresponding qualities in higher beings,
that only the presence of a great design in nature could possibly
account for all these wonderful attributes, which were to be found even
in the smallest portions of matter. He said in his article on the atom,
in the ninth edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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