Makers of ElectricityWalsh, James J. (James Joseph)
History
Makers of Electricity
Walsh, James J. (James Joseph)
Electricity -- Biography
Notwithstanding a long life devoted to the study of mathematical and
experimental physics, during which Kelvin unraveled many a difficult
problem in electricity and magnetism and added many a beautiful skein to
the texture of our knowledge in electrostatics and electrokinetics, that
illustrious man, the acknowledged leader in physical science, made a
public admission in 1896 which caused a great stir throughout the
scientific world. It was on the occasion of the celebration of the
golden jubilee of his professorship of natural philosophy in the
University of Glasgow. Delegates had come from all parts of the world;
kings and princes had sent their representatives; universities and
learned societies of every country of the Old World and the New vied
with one another in doing honor to the scientist who had figured so long
and so conspicuously in the advances of the age. It was on that solemn
occasion and in presence of such a notable assembly that Kelvin made the
astonishing admission that, although he had been a diligent student of
electricity and magnetism for a period exceeding fifty years, and
although he had pondered every day for forty years over the nature of
the ether and the constitution of matter, he knew no more about their
essence, about what they really are, than he knew at the beginning of
his professional work.
This confession, remarkable by reason of the man who made it and the
circumstances in which it was made, has always appeared to the writer of
these lines as having more of the ring of disappointment in it than of
blank failure. Kelvin's great analytical mind early and persistently
strove to penetrate the closely guarded secrets of nature; and because
Dame Nature did not yield to his open sesame, but persisted in her
reticence, the philosopher grew pessimistic and disappointed; and, under
the sway of such feelings, he summed up the result of his life-quest
after the ultimate problems in science and pronounced it a "failure."
A "failure" it was not, if science is the discovery and registration of
the laws of God as revealed in the universe of mind and matter; for few
men of his generation, if any, made more contributions of the first
order to the theory of electrostatics, to the doctrine of energy, to
hydrodynamics and the thermo-electric properties of matter. This note of
disappointment, or wail of despondency, had been sounded before by
Faraday, who said that, the more he studied electrical phenomena, the
less he seemed to know about electricity itself. Was not Laplace
animated by a kindred feeling when he spoke about the infinitude of our
ignorance? Lastly, was not this intense feeling of our limited powers
precisely that which, after all his discoveries in mathematics, in
optics and in celestial mechanics, made Newton compare himself to a
child standing on the beach with the vast ocean of truth before him,
unfathomed and unexplored?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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