_Essay_, 1st ed., p. 367. Cf. Senior’s _Lectures on Population_, p. 79, and p. 75, where he compares such progress to the exploits of the snail which every day climbed up a wall four feet and fell back three. Footnote 90: _Essay_, 1st ed., p. 10. Footnote 91: Cf. St. Matth. xix. 12. Footnote 92: MS. notes on p. vii of S. T. Coleridge’s copy of the 2nd ed. of the _Essay_, in Brit. Museum (from the library of his executor, Dr. Joseph H. Green). Footnote 93: See Otter’s biographical preface to Malthus’ _Pol. Ec._ (1836), p. xxxvi, and Otter’s _Life of Clarke_ (1825), i. 437, &c. Footnote 94: See below, Book II. chap. iv. Footnote 95: 2nd ed., Book IV. chap, xii.; 7th ed., p. 477. Footnote 96: 2nd ed., I. ii. 10, 11; cf. xiv. 180; 7th ed., pp. 8 note, 262, &c. Footnote 97: 2nd ed., p. 11. Footnote 98: 7th ed., p. 351; so I. ix. 82, “moral impossibility” of increase, in a case where there is plenty of food, but bad distribution makes it unattainable. The impossibility is due not to physical law but to human institutions (_mores_). Footnote 99: Malthus, _Essay_, 1st ed., p. 387. Footnote 100: In an unpublished MS. quoted in his _Life_, i. 76. His published writings contain nothing quite so strong. Footnote 101: See below, Book III. Footnote 102: _Essay_, 7th ed., B. IV. chap. vi. and ix. Footnote 103: _Wealth of Nations_, B. V. ch. i. Pt. iii. Art. 2. Footnote 104: _Essay_, Book IV. ch. ix. of 7th ed., esp. p. 439. Footnote 105: Cf. even _Essay_, 1st ed., pp. 33, 34, and 324. But see later, B. II. chaps. ii. and iii. Footnote 106: 7th ed., Append., p. 495. Cf. Miss Martineau’s _Autob._, vol. i. p. 211; cf. pp. 209, 210. Footnote 107: _Life_, vol. i. ch. ix. p. 233. Footnote 108: Ingloriously, because of the severe chapter he wrote in the _Political Justice_, ‘Of Pensions and Salaries’ (ch. ix. of Bk. VI.). Footnote 109: Cf. _Essay_, 7th ed., II. xiii. p. 259. Footnote 110: _Essay_, 2nd ed., p. 2. Footnote 111: 2nd ed., p. 3. Footnote 112: _Essay_, 2nd ed., p. 3. Footnote 113: 1st ed.; see p. 16, above. “Food” in such propositions includes all the outward conditions necessary to life. Footnote 114: 2nd ed., p. 4; 7th ed., p. 3. Footnote 115: _l. c._ Franklin’s _Observations concerning the Increase of Mankind_, 1751. Footnote 116: _Dissertation on the Poor Laws by a well-wisher to Mankind_ (1786), pp. 42–45, 53. He is quoting Dampier’s _Voyages_, vol. i. pt. ii p. 88. Footnote 117: It is fair to say that Ulloa, B. II. ch. iv., says “two or three goats.” Footnote 118: 2nd ed., p. 4; cf. 7th ed., p. 3. Footnote 119: Carey (H. C.) has certainly made a good case for the reverse. See _Princ. of Social Science_, vol. i. ch. iv. (1858). Footnote 120: Letter to Senior, Appendix to Senior’s _Lectures on Population_, pp. 60–72. Footnote 121: _Essay_, 2nd ed., p. 5. Footnote 122: