_Measure of Value_, p. 20 n. On pp. 23–4 he adds, “taking the average of summer and winter wages.” Footnote 582: See below, p. 268. _Pol. Econ._ (1820), p. 125; (1836) p. 102, &c.; _Tract on Value_, passim. Footnote 583: _Work and Wages_, ch. iii. p. 75. Malthus, _Pol. Econ._, 2nd ed., pp. 108 _seq._ Footnote 584: Cf. Marx, _Kapital_, pp. 19, 21, &c. Footnote 585: MacC.’s ed., pp. 45 _seq._ Cf. _Tract on Value_, p. 20 n., above quoted. Footnote 586: Cf. Ricardo, _Pol. Econ._, _Works_ (ed. MacC.), p. 15. Footnote 587: _Meas. of Value_, pp. 8–12. Footnote 588: _Meas. of Value_, pp. 22, 65. Cf. Cairnes, _Australian Episode_, in _Essays in Pol. Econ._ (pp. 92 _seq._; cf. pp. 37, 61), (1873),—first published in _Fraser’s Mag._, Sept. 1859. Footnote 589: _Meas. of Value_, p. 23. Footnote 590: _Ibid._, pp. 27–29. Footnote 591: _Meas. of Value_, p. 29 n. Footnote 592: He might have said simply that the one is intrinsic, the other extrinsic, in relation to the agricultural products themselves. Footnote 593: _Meas. of Value_, p. 63. Footnote 594: _Meas. of Value_, pp. 67 _seq._ Cf. below, pp. 283 _seq._ Footnote 595: Who allows cost to play a greater part in value. Cf. below, pp. 278–9. But Ricardo, _Pol. Econ._, sect vi. p. 28, disclaims belief in _any_ universal measure of value. Footnote 596: Malthus, quoted by Empson, _Edin. Rev._, Jan. 1837, p. 499. Footnote 597: He was F.R.S. 1819, and a member of Pol. Econ. Club at its foundation in 1821. Footnote 598: 4th May, 1825; 7th Nov., 1827. _Transactions of it R. S. L._, vol. i. part i. p. 171. Footnote 599: _Report of R. S. L._, 1824, p. 21. Footnote 600: We might expressly wish to know a coat’s value in money or its value in cutlery or coals. The Professor at the Breakfast-table talks of “Madeira worth from two to six Bibles a bottle.” Footnote 601: _Definitions_ (1827), p. 235. Footnote 602: I. e. _to_ the object which measures that _cost-value_. Footnote 603: _Ibid._, p. 243. Footnote 604: See above, p. 254. Ricardo’s long correspondence with Malthus on the subject is mentioned by Empson, _Edin. Rev._, _l. c._ p. 469. Empson’s extracts from it are the most valuable part of his article. Footnote 605: R. Torrens, _Production of Wealth_, 1821, pp. iv, v. Footnote 606: Held, _Sociale Geschichte Englands_, p. 205. Footnote 607: _Dialogues of Three Templars on Political Economy_, 1824 (_Works_, Black, 1863, vol. iv.). All depends on the assumption in the middle of Dialogue I. p. 196, (“it is Mr. Ricardo’s doctrine that,” &c.), and on the confinement of the discussion to natural value (p. 198). Footnote 608: _Measure of Value_, p. 20 n. Footnote 609: London, 1832; Birmingham, 1833. The Constituent Assembly applied the same measure, but in a different way, in 1791. See Roscher, _National-ökon._ (1879), p. 298. Footnote 610: