Many species of the grizzly are recognized by taxonomists, but few are alive today. In the United States only New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho still have some of these big animals. In some other western States they have but recently become extinct. California is thought to have lost its last grizzly in 1925. The few survivors are probably all of the species _horribilis_. Since grizzly country is also black bear country, the layman may become confused in identifying the two species. A few important differences make identification easy. The first and most conspicuous field mark is the prominent shoulder hump of the grizzly. The male black bear will sometimes with age develop a shoulder hump, but it cannot compare with that of the grizzly. Second, the grizzly has what has been described as a “dish” face; that is, a concavity in the general shape of the front of the face, whereas the black bear develops a definite “Roman” nose. Third, the claws of the grizzly are twice as long as those of the black bear; this is most noticeable in the tracks. If one is close enough to see this characteristic in the field, he probably is too close for safety! Lastly, the attitude of the two species toward each other when they meet on common ground is characteristic. As a rule, the approach of a grizzly to a garbage dump is enough to put all black bears to flight. There is no intermingling of the two species; the grizzly is the master and the black bear will not challenge his authority. In most of its habits the grizzly resembles the black bear. It is omnivorous to the same degree, but somewhat more predatory. It also goes into hibernation for the winter, and the cubs are born during this inactive period. They receive the same rigorous training as that accorded their black cousins, and like them, are able to climb into the trees and out of harm’s way. As they grow older, this ability leaves them with the growing of the long claws, and adult grizzlies are supposed to be unable to climb. In one respect the grizzly differs from not only the black bear but from most other native mammals. It has never learned to fear man to the same degree that other creatures have. Whether the grizzly’s belligerent attitude stems from fear or contempt is a moot question. The important point to remember is that a grizzly should be avoided at all times. Injuries suffered by humans in their contacts with black bears are usually accidental rather than the result of deliberate assault by the animal. Grizzlies have been known to charge without other provocation than trespass on what they consider their territory. Surely the public can afford to humor this irascible giant. A little consideration for its irritable nature is not too great a price to pay for its continued existence in our rapidly dwindling numbers of large carnivores. Vagrant shrew _Sorex vagrans_ (Latin: a shrew ... wandering)