Mammals of the Southwest Mountains and MesasOlin, George
Science
Mammals of the Southwest Mountains and Mesas
Olin, George
Mammals -- Southwest, New
As with the ground squirrels of lower areas, the summer diet consists
largely of whatever starts to grow first. During late spring, grass,
buds, young leaves, and flowers are eaten. Later, seeds of the annuals
are gathered, berries are taken whenever possible, and insects often
form a considerable part of the diet. As fall comes on, acorns, pine
nuts, and a great number of smaller seeds and fruits become available.
At this time the ground squirrels must not only lay on enough fat to
maintain themselves through hibernation, but must also store away enough
food to tide them over between the time of their emergence and the
appearance of new growth. Evidently this is an adaptation forced upon
them by the exceptionally long winter season. Most rodents which lay on
coats of fat preparatory to hibernation depend almost entirely on it to
carry them through. With a hibernating period of from 5 to 7 months,
however, it is not difficult to realize the problems this ground
squirrel must face.
Though the golden-mantled ground squirrel resembles the chipmunks in
appearance, its temperament is quite different. Chipmunks are bright,
nervous little sprites, always pursuing their activities with explosive
energy. The ground squirrels move more sedately, as though they had
planned every move and there was no hurry. They love to lie in the sun
in some exposed place and watch the rest of the world go by. In habitat,
too, the species differ materially. Chipmunks choose thick undergrowth
where they can go about their business unobserved. Ground squirrels
prefer more exposed locations where they take their chances in the open,
but with one eye always cocked aloft as insurance against attack by hawk
or eagle. Creatures of the earth, they are always reluctant to climb.
Rarely do they ascend more than a few feet, and then only to reach some
especially toothsome delicacy that their keen noses have detected in a
low shrub or small tree.
With its wide distribution, visitors to the southwestern mountains can
hardly fail to notice this golden-headed member of the ground squirrel
family. It is easily tamed; too easily in fact for, like the chipmunk,
it can quickly wear out its welcome. In many of the National Parks and
Monuments they compete with chipmunks for the crumbs around camp sites
and picnic tables. Visitors find their cunning way irresistible and feed
them despite warnings to the contrary. Because they do tame so easily
there is always danger that some well-meaning person will attempt to
pick them up. This can lead to unpleasant results. Their long sharp
incisors can inflict a serious wound.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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