Mammals of the Southwest Mountains and MesasOlin, George
Science
Mammals of the Southwest Mountains and Mesas
Olin, George
Mammals -- Southwest, New
As soon as it becomes completely dark, he hunts for a suitable place to
build a dam and soon finds a site to his liking. On one side of the
stream a thick clump of alders projects from the bank, and on the other
a water-soaked log is half buried in the bottom of the creek. From these
anchor points, he begins his dam, building toward the middle from each
side. The work calls for a great deal of the alder brush to be cut and
sunk in the bed of the stream. There it is weighted down with rocks and
mud until secure. Additional brush is brought and interwoven with the
first; gradually the structure grows until in a few days it converts the
stream into a quiet pool deep enough to hide the beaver, should an enemy
appear. As the water rises it covers the bases of the alders, which
begin to die in the pond.
The beaver next turns his attention to building a lodge. Selecting a
point to one side of the current entering the pond, he begins as he did
with the dam by sinking brush to the bottom and weighting it down with
rocks. As he builds, he cleverly fashions several underwater entrances
to the house that will be. When he has finished, the house projects
several feet above the water, and the materials are so thoroughly
interlaced and plastered that even the most determined enemy would
despair of gaining entry to the living room. Debris from the
construction has floated downstream to become lodged in and on the dam,
making it more secure and watertight that it was when first built.
With the dam and the lodge both completed, the next task is to collect a
food supply for the following winter. This is carried on intermittently
during the autumn. It consists of cutting down aspens, whose bark the
beaver dearly loves, sectioning the branches and small trunks into
pieces which may be handled conveniently, and dragging them to the pond.
Once in the water, they are weighted down and will remain in good
condition for a long time. The beaver is joined in this task by a female
which has also migrated from an overcrowded colony. Two need more food
than one, consequently their trails begin to head a little farther into
the aspen forest as they work through the crisp autumn nights. These
trails converge as they leave the forest and approach the pond, and end
in a few well-developed mud slides that enter the water. Constant
traffic of the wet beavers leaving the water keeps the slides moist and
slippery.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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