Man and Nature; Or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human ActionMarsh, George P. (George Perkins)
Science
Man and Nature; Or, Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action
Marsh, George P. (George Perkins)
Conservation of natural resources; Human geography; Nature -- Effect of human beings on; Physical geography
"The spring of Combefoulat, in the commune of Seleate, was well known as
one of the best in the country; it was remarkably abundant and
sufficient, in spite of the severest droughts, to supply all the
fountains of the town; but, as soon as considerable forests were felled
in Combe-de-pre Martin and in the valley of Combefoulat, the famous
spring which lies below these woods has become a mere thread of water,
and disappears altogether in times of drought.
"The spring of Varieux, which formerly supplied the castle of Pruntrut,
lost more than half its water after the clearing of Varieux and
Rongeoles. These woods have been replanted, the young trees are growing
well, and with the woods, the waters of the spring are increasing.
"The Dog Spring between Pruntrut and Bressancourt has entirely vanished
since the surrounding forests grounds were brought under cultivation.
"The Wolf Spring, in the commune of Soubey, furnishes a remarkable
example of the influence of the woods upon fountains. A few years ago
this spring did not exist. At the place where it now rises, a small
thread of water was observed after very long rains, but the stream
disappeared with the rain. The spot is in the middle of a very steep
pasture inclining to the south. Eighty years ago, the owner of the land,
perceiving that young firs were shooting up in the upper part of it,
determined to let them grow, and they soon formed a flourishing grove.
As soon as they were well grown, a fine spring appeared in place of the
occasional rill, and furnished abundant water in the longest droughts.
For forty or fifty years, this spring was considered the best in the
Clos du Doubs. A few years since, the grove was felled, and the ground
turned again to a pasture. The spring disappeared with the wood, and is
now as dry as it was ninety years ago."[197]
"The influence of the forest on springs," says Hummel, "is strikingly
shown by an instance at Heilbronn. The woods on the hills surrounding
the town are cut in regular succession every twentieth year. As the
annual cuttings approach a certain point, the springs yield less water,
some of them none at all; but as the young growth shoots up, they now
more and more freely, and at length bubble up again in all their
original abundance."[198]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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