Man on the Ocean: A Book about Boats and ShipsBallantyne, R. M. (Robert Michael)
History
Man on the Ocean: A Book about Boats and Ships
Ballantyne, R. M. (Robert Michael)
Boats and boating; Ships
The canoes of the Fijians are superior to those in use among any other
of the South Sea islanders. Their chief feature is that they are
twin-canoes, joined together by cross-beams, which support a platform of
from twelve to fifteen feet broad. Of the two canoes, one is smaller
than the other, and the smaller serves by way of an outrigger. These
canoes are sometimes one hundred feet long, their depth being usually
about seven feet. Sometimes a small cabin is built upon the platform.
The mast is about thirty feet long, is supported by guys, and is
furnished with a yard carrying a large sail. There are small hatchways
at both ends of the craft, at each of which one of the crew sits ready
to bail out the boat. The Fijian canoes can also be propelled by means
of sculling, the sculler using a broad-bladed scull about ten feet in
length. A large canoe can be got through the water at the rate of two
or three miles an hour by sculling.
Various experiments have from time to time been made in the way of
building boats and ships with double hulls, the object being to obtain
increased stability, and thus reduce to a minimum the rolling and
pitching of ordinary vessels. The steamship Castalia was an ambitious
attempt in this direction. She was built for the passenger service
between England and France. But she did not realise the expectations
formed of her.
Most persons who have crossed from Dover to Calais, or vice versa, by
the Calais-Douvre mail packet, will bear witness both to the comfort and
speed of that vessel. Up to this she has proved the most perfect form
of steam-ship yet constructed for the purpose required. The
Calais-Douvre is built somewhat upon the same principle as the Castalia,
but differs from that vessel in that whereas the latter was two
half-ships joined together, each twin-portion of the Calais-Douvre is a
perfect ship in itself. The result has been, that while the Castalia
was a failure, the Calais-Douvre has proved a distinct success. She is
three hundred feet in length and sixty feet in breadth; her tonnage is
two thousand, and her water-draught only six feet, so that she can enter
Calais Harbour at even a low tide. Two transverse iron girder
bulk-heads unite the two hulls of the vessel; and her steering apparatus
is so simple, and at the same time so effective in construction, that
one wheel is usually sufficient to work it. She makes the passage from
Dover to Calais usually in an hour and a half; but in very fine weather
we ourselves have crossed in less than that time. With the maximum rate
of speed, the Calais-Douvre has attained the minimum amount of pitching
and rolling yet secured by any Channel boat. Her saloons, cabins, and
decks are spacious and handsomely appointed, so that the Channel passage
in this vessel is made under as favourable conditions for bad sailors as
any sea-passage can be.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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