Manners and Monuments of Prehistoric PeoplesNadaillac, Jean-François-Albert du Pouget, marquis de
History
Manners and Monuments of Prehistoric Peoples
Nadaillac, Jean-François-Albert du Pouget, marquis de
Archaeology; Prehistoric peoples
Although, as a general rule, megalithic monuments are without
ornamentation, there are a good many exceptions in the case of dolmens
made of very hard granite, on which numerous carvings and engravings
have been made. It is, however, impossible to decipher any but a very
few of these signs, whether circles, disks, dots, tooth or leaf
mouldings, spirals, serpentine lines, lozenges, or strip.
M. du Chatellier describes at Commana (Finistère) an entrance gallery
loaded with carvings, and the walls of one of the Deux-Sèvres monuments
have on them some very rough representations of the human figure cut in
_intaglio_, whilst various megaliths of Ireland are adorned with
circles, spirals, stars, etc. One of the supports of the dolmen of
Petit-Mont-en-Arzon has on it a representation of two human feet in
relief; that of Couedic in Lockmikel-Baden is paired with flat stones
covered with engravings. On the granite ceiling of the crypt beneath
the dolmen of the Merchants, or as it is called in Brittany the _Dol
Varchant_, is engraved the figure of a large animal supposed to have
been a horse, but the head of which was unfortunately broken off at
some remote date.28 We often meet with representations of hammers,
sometimes with and sometimes without handle. We give an illustration of
one of the walls of the Mané-Lud monument (Fig. 67), which will enable
the reader to judge of the general character of these engravings.
[Illustration: 67.]
Part of the Mané-Lud dolmen.
The monument of the Isle of Gavr’innis, of which we have already
spoken, is the most remarkable of any for the richness of its
decoration. It includes a gallery, consisting of forty-nine blocks of
granite and two of quartz, leading to a spacious apartment. These
blocks were brought from a distance, and the fact that the little arm
of the sea separating the island from the mainland was crossed, proves
that the men who built the monument owned boats strong enough to carry
heavy loads. Excavations carried on in 1884 brought to light a pavement
consisting of ten large slabs of granite, and beneath this pavement was
found a kind of crypt at least three feet deep, the lower part of the
lateral menhirs forming the walls. We must add, however, that Dr. de
Closmadeuc, and his opinion should carry weight, thinks that when the
Gavr’innis monument was erected the island was connected with the
mainland. Three of the supports, forming the walls of the crypt, and
all those of the gallery are covered with chevrons or zig-zag
ornaments, circles, lozenges, and scrolls of which Fig. 68 will give
some idea, and which Mérimée compares to the tatooing of the
inhabitants of New Zealand. Megalithic monuments of Ireland and certain
stones in Northumberland are ornamented in a manner resembling the
Gavr’innis engraving, similar designs being produced by similar means,
and although the engravings of Morbihan are generally more clearly cut
and distinct, Ave note in all alike the same absence of regularity, the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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