Manners and Monuments of Prehistoric PeoplesNadaillac, Jean-François-Albert du Pouget, marquis de
History
Manners and Monuments of Prehistoric Peoples
Nadaillac, Jean-François-Albert du Pouget, marquis de
Archaeology; Prehistoric peoples
Beneath the dolmens of West Gothland have been found polished stone
weapons and tools associated with the bones of domestic animals, in
many cases bearing traces of the work of the hand of man. At Olleria,
in the kingdom of Valencia, at Xeres de la Frontera, we find diorite
hatchets, and in Algeria vases filled with the shells of land mollusca.
In every clime we meet with tokens of the respect in which the dead
were held.
This respect is really very remarkable. The builders of the dolmens did
not hesitate to sacrifice their most precious objects, their richest
ornaments, their hatchets and precious stones brought from a distance
by their tribe in their long migrations. No one would dream of robbing
the sacred collection. Our own contemporaries, however civilized we may
flatter ourselves by considering them, would not prove themselves as
disinterested.
Hatchets, pottery, and personal ornaments of stone bone, etc., are not
the only artificial objects found beneath the megalithic monuments.
Metals, too, have been discovered, and M. Piette in one of his
excavations, came across a plate formed of very thin layers of gold
leaf welded together by hammering; and in several parts of the south of
France have been found olives made of gold and pierced lengthwise. The
dolmen of Carnouet in Brittany, insignificant as it appears and
containing but one small sepulchral chamber with no gallery of access
or lateral crypts, beneath a tumulus about thirteen feet high by some
eighty-five in diameter, and which was left untouched until our own
day, actually contained a golden necklace weighing over seven ounces;
in the crypt of the Castellet monument was found a golden plaque and a
golden bead; whilst the Ors dolmen in the isle of Oleron concealed a
nugget which had been rolled into the shape of a bead probably after
having been beaten thin with a hammer. At Plouharnel, two golden
amulets were found beneath a triple dolmen, and M. du Chatellier, in
excavating beneath a megalithic monument in Finistère, found a
magnificent chain of gold. A somewhat similar chain was taken from the
Leys dolmen near Inverness, and in 1842 Lord Albert Cunningham picked
up at New Grange (Ireland) two necklaces, a brooch, and a ring, all of
gold.
More than a hundred megalithic monuments of France have been found to
contain bronze, and this number would be more than doubled if we
counted the finds in tombs not connected with megaliths, such as those
of Aveyron and Lozère, where a few bits of bronze were found mixed with
numerous stone objects. One fifth of the weapons, especially the swords
and daggers found beneath the dolmens, are of bronze. At Kerhué in
Finistère, a number of bronze swords were arranged in a circle round a
little heap of cinders and black earth, relics, probably, of the
cremation of the dead, in honor of whom the tumulus had been erected.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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