Each trooper keeps his horse straight in the rank, maintaining his alignment with the guide and his proper interval (par. 368-_a_) from the man next him on the side of the guide. The troopers yield to pressure from the side of the guide and resist pressure from the opposite direction. All adjustments are made gradually without crowding or confusion. In the beginning the leader moves at a walk and makes only slight changes of direction. As the instructor completes each change of direction he indicates the _new_ direction of march by extending his arm as in signal =forward= (par. 990), dropping the hand to the side when the guide's horse is _straightened in the new direction_. When the troopers have become sufficiently practiced in adjusting themselves to the movements of the instructor, the latter makes the changes of direction more marked, and moves, during such changes, on the arcs of smaller circles. Finally, he requires the squad to apply the principles of leading in the manner indicated in pars. 346-349. As each movement is taken up the principles of leading that apply are explained in detail, so that all may understand clearly the identity and position of the base. The base trooper (guide) must clearly understand his duties. (Fig. 31.) [Illustration: FIG. 37, par. 367.] SQUAD FORMATIONS. The formations of the squad for drill, march, or combat are as follows: CLOSE ORDER. =368.= (_a_) =Line=: The troopers are abreast of each other with intervals (Def.) of 6 inches (mounted) or 4 inches (dismounted) between troopers. (_b_) =Column of fours=: The troopers of each four are arranged as =in line=. The fours follow successively one behind another with distances (Def.) between Successive fours of 4 feet, mounted, or 92 inches, dismounted. When a four includes less than four troopers it is an =incomplete four=. Places in an incomplete four are habitually filled in the following order: No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 1 (par. 374). (_c_) =Column of twos=: The troopers of each two are arranged as =in line=, the twos following successively, one behind another, with distances between successive twos of 4 feet, mounted, or 40 inches, dismounted. If any two have but a single trooper the latter takes the position corresponding to the right trooper of the incomplete two (par. 374). (_d_) =Column of troopers=: The troopers of each four follow successively, one behind another, with distances between consecutive troopers of 4 feet when mounted, or 14 inches when dismounted. EXTENDED ORDER. (_e_) =Foragers=: The troopers are abreast of each other, with intervals of 3 yards between troopers, unless some other interval be specially designated. The dismounted formation corresponding to =foragers= is =skirmishers=. The interval between troopers in line of skirmishers is one-half pace unless some other interval be designated.