ridged; leaves acute or acuminate, usually glandular. 8. J. monosperma (F). Seeds 1 or 2, dark chestnut-brown, acute, obscurely ridged; leaves obtusely pointed, often eglandular. 9. J. mexicana (C). Leaves naked on the margins, mostly opposite, glandular or eglandular; fruit subglobose. Fruit ripening at the end of the first season. Fruit ¼′—⅓′ in diameter; seeds 1 or 2, rarely 3 or 4; leaves acute or acuminate; branches spreading or erect. 10. J. virginiana (A, C). Fruit 1/12′—⅙′ in diameter; seeds 1 or 2; leaves acute; branches usually pendulous. 11. J. lucayana (C). Fruit ripening at the end of the second season, ¼′—⅓′ in diameter; seeds 1 or 2; leaves acute or acuminate. 12. J. scopulorum (B, F). 1. Juniperus communis L. Juniper. [Illustration: Fig. 78] Leaves spreading nearly at right angles to the branchlets, ⅓′—½′ long, about 1/32′ wide, turning during winter a deep rich bronze color on the lower surface, persistent for many years. Flowers: male composed of 5 or 6 whorls each of 3 stamens, with broadly ovate acute and short-pointed connectives, bearing at the very base 3 or 4 globose anther-cells; female surrounded by 5 or 6 whorls of ternate leaf-like scales, composed of 3 slightly spreading ovules abruptly enlarged and open at the apex, with 3 minute obtuse fleshy scales below and alternate with them. Fruit maturing in the third season, subglobose or short-oblong, about ¼′ in diameter, with soft mealy resinous sweet flesh and 1—3 seeds; often persistent on the branches one or two years after ripening; seeds ovoid, acute, irregularly angled or flattened, deeply penetrated by numerous prominent thin-walled resin-glands, about ⅛′ long, the outer coat thick and bony, the inner membranaceous.