A tree, usually 40°—50° but occasionally 70°—80° high, with a tall straight trunk 1°—2° or rarely 4½° in diameter, frequently unsymmetrical, with one diameter much exceeding the other, and irregularly lobed, with broad rounded lobes, and long slender horizontal or slightly pendulous branches forming a broad open conical head. Bark about ¼′ thick and covered with small thin dark red-purple scales. Wood heavy, hard, strong, bright red, with thin light yellow sapwood; used for fence-posts and by the Indians of the northwest coast for paddles, spear-handles, bows, and other small articles. Distribution. Banks of mountain streams, deep gorges, and damp ravines, growing usually under large coniferous trees; nowhere abundant, but widely distributed usually in single individuals or in small clumps from the extreme southern part of Alaska, southward along the coast ranges of British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon, where it attains its greatest size; along the coast ranges of California as far south as the Bay of Monterey, and along the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada to Tulare County at altitudes between 5000° and 8000° above the sea-level, ranging eastward in British Columbia to the Selkirk Mountains, and over the mountains of Washington and Oregon to the western slopes of the continental divide in northern Montana; in the interior much smaller than near the coast and often shrubby in habit. Occasionally cultivated in the gardens of western Europe. 2. Taxus floridana Chapm. Yew. [Illustration: Fig. 93] Leaves usually conspicuously falcate, ¾′ to nearly 1′ long, 1/16′—1/12′ wide, dark green above, pale below, with obscure midribs and slender petioles about 1/16′ in length. Flowers appearing in March. Fruit ripening in October. A bushy tree, rarely 25° high, with a short trunk occasionally 1° in diameter, and numerous stout spreading branches; more often shrubby in habit and 12°—15° tall. Bark ⅛′ thick, dark purple-brown, smooth, compact, occasionally separating into large thin irregular plate-like scales. Wood heavy, hard, very close-grained, dark brown tinged with red, with thin nearly white sapwood. Distribution. River bluffs and ravines on the eastern bank of the Apalachicola River, in Gadsden County, Florida, from Aspalaga to the neighborhood of Bristol. Class 2. ANGIOSPERMÆ. Carpels or pistils consisting of a closed cavity containing the ovules and becoming the fruit. Division 1. Monocotyledons. Stems with woody fibres distributed irregularly through them, but without pith or annual layers of growth. Parts of the flower in 3’s; ovary superior; embryo with a single cotyledon. Leaves parallel-veined, alternate, long-persistent, without stipules. III. PALMÆ.