[Footnote 3: RALF DE CONCHES, in the arrondissement of Evreux,--sometimes called de Tony, or Toëny, which is in the commune of Gaillon, arrondissement of Louviers,--son of Roger de Tony, hereditary standard bearer of Normandy. Ralf is a landholder in Domesday; Saham-Tony in Norfolk still records the name. His father founded the abbey of Conches. See Ellis, _Introduction to Domesday_, i. 493. In the Norman roll in the Red book of the Exchequer, we find, 'de honore de Conches et de Toeneio 44 mil. et 6 mil. quos Matheus de Clara tenet: preter hoc quod comes de Albamarâ, et comes Hugo Bigot, et Hugo de Mortuomari tenent de fœdo illo: ad servitium vero regis nesciunt quot.'] [Footnote 4: WALTER GIFFART, lord of Longueville, in the arrondissement of Dieppe, son of Osbern de Bolbec, and Aveline his wife, sister of Gunnor, the wife of duke Richard I. In reference to the allusions in the text to Walter Ginart's age, M. Le Prévost observes that it was his son, a second of the name, who lived till 1102, having been made earl of Buckingham. See _Introd. Domesday_, vol. i. 484; also vol. ii. 23, as to an Osbern Giffart. In the Norman roll of the Red book, 'De honore comitis Giffardi 98 mil. et dim. et quartem partem et 2 part, ad serv. com.' He is also among the knights holding of the church of Bayeux '1 mil.'] [Footnote 5: William's customary oath. Wace has before said, vol. ii. 51: Jura par la resplendor Dé, Ço ert surent sun serement.] [Footnote 6: TURSTINUS FILIUS ROLLONIS vexillum Normannorum portavit: _Orderic. Vit._. Several Normans bore the name of Toustain or Turstin as a baptismal name: but it afterwards became the family name of a noble house in upper Normandy; who, in memory of the office performed at Hastings, took for supporters of their arms, two angels, each bearing a banner. A.L.P. Turstin Fitz-Rou received large English estates in England. Besides Turstin there is a Robert Fitz-Rou in Domesday, possibly his brother. See our subsequent note on Gilbert Crespin and his family, to which Turstin belonged; and see _Introd. Domesday_, i. 479, 497.] [Footnote 7: Bec-aux-Cauchois, in the arrondissement of Ivetot; not Bec-Crespin, in that of Havre.] [Footnote 8: ROGER, son of Hugh de Montgomeri. He was lord of Montgomeri, in the arrondissement of Lisieux; of Alençon and of Bellesme, in right of his wife Mabel; he became earl of Shrewsbury, of Chichester and Arundel, and died 1094. See _Introd. Domesday_, i. 479. According to _Ordericus Vitalis_, A.D. 1067, Roger remained in Normandy during the expedition.] [Footnote 9: Lord of Breteuil; seneschal of the duke as has been before mentioned.] [Footnote 10: Poix in Picardy, and Boulogne-sur-mer. Wace seems to omit EUSTACE OF BOULOGNE, conspicuous in other historians. AIMERI was viscount of Thouars.] [Footnote 11: 'Soldéiers' is used by _Wace_ in its strict sense, of men serving merely for hire.] [Footnote 12: 'Gueldon,' as before.] [Footnote 13: 'Chapels,' perhaps hoods.]