Those Party members, thoroughly educated in Marxism-Leninism, who dedicate their entire lives to the Party. This body (cadre) of members, in communist eyes, represents the shock troops of revolution. “Give us an organisation of revolutionaries, and we shall overturn the whole of Russia!” (_Lenin_) PROLETARIAN INTERNATIONALISM: The belief that communism is international in nature, that the proletariat of all nations, irrespective of race, nationality, creed, or color, constitutes a single class and must cooperate for the ultimate victory of communism. This gives a feeling of solidarity (communists always feel a part of a larger body, they don’t stand alone); creates fanaticism (the feeling that as long as there are noncommunist nations, communism is in danger, hence they must be destroyed); promotes control of the international communist movement by Soviet Russia (as the big brother of all other Parties). PROLETARIAT: A key word in all communist literature, meaning workers (working class) who sell their “labor” in exchange for wages. This “class” is extolled by the communists, and virtually everything done by the Party is done in the name of the “proletariat” (as “dictatorship of the proletariat”). PURGES: A characteristic inherent in communism whereby undesirable members are expelled from the Party (or, when communism is in state power, exiled or executed). To communists, purging is a necessary technique to keep the Party “pure,” thereby creating “better” members. “The Party becomes strong by purging itself of opportunist elements.” (_Stalin_) REFORMISM (REFORMS, REFORMISTS): To communists, reforms in the social structure can have only minor and passing beneficial results. Further, they delay the revolution. Hence, “reformism” is a term of abuse, implying a “bourgeois” or non-Marxist approach. The communists, however, like to picture themselves as leaders of reform movements, not for the purpose of improving economic or social conditions in society but to exploit such movements to advance the cause of communism. To communists reforms can often be a means to an end. REVOLUTION: The seizure of the government, if necessary by force and violence, by the proletariat (working class) led by the Communist Party, leading to the establishment of a Soviet state; called _proletarian revolution_. SELF-CRITICISM: A communist technique ostensibly to detect and correct weaknesses in Party life; actually to enforce communist discipline. The Party member is encouraged to pursue a cold, relentless, realistic, and constant examination of shortcomings and failures, both in others and himself. Not to do so is regarded as “bourgeois” weakness or sentimentalism. Communists teach: “Self-criticism is the most important means for developing Communist consciousness and thereby strengthening discipline and democratic centralism.” SOCIALISM (MARXIST):