Soviet Union at which Stalin was denounced. 1957 June: Vyacheslav Molotov, Georgi Malenkov, Lazar Kaganovich, and Dmitri Shepilov denounced as “enemies of the Party.” 1957 October: Marshal Georgi Zhukov, Red Army hero, ousted as Soviet Defense Minister. IV Communism in the United States 1918 November: Communist Propaganda League formed. 1919 June 21: National Conference of the Left-Wing of the Socialist Party in New York at which Left-Wing Manifesto adopted. 1919 August 30: Reed-Gitlow left-wing group expelled from emergency Socialist Party convention. 1919 August 31: Communist Labor Party of America formed from Reed-Gitlow group in Chicago. 1919 September 1: Communist Party of America formed in Chicago. 1920 May: United Communist Party of America formed at Bridgman, Michigan. 1921 May: Communist Party of America, Section of the Communist International, formed from Communist Party and United Communist Party at Woodstock, New York. 1921 December: Workers Party of America formed at New York City. 1923 April: Communist Party and Workers Party consolidated at New York. 1925 August: Workers Party of America changed its name to Workers (Communist) Party. 1928 October: Expulsion from Workers (Communist) Party of Trotskyites led by James Cannon. 1929 March: Sixth Convention of Workers (Communist) Party of America at New York changed Party name to Communist Party of the United States of America. 1929 June: Expulsion of Lovestone group from Communist Party. 1939 September: War broke out in Europe. The Comintern and the Communist Party, USA, called war an “imperialist war.” 1941 June: Germany attacked Russia. Communists shifted their “line”—called war a “just war” against fascism. 1944 May: Communist Political Association (CPA) organized when Communist Party, USA, dissolved at Twelfth National Convention in New York. 1945 July: Communist Party reconstituted and Communist Political Association dissolved at an emergency convention as a result of Jacques Duclos’ article in April, 1945, issue of French journal, _Cahiers du Communisme_. 1948 Arrests of top communist leaders by the FBI under the Smith Act; trial began in January, 1949. 1951-55 Period of intensive underground activity by Communist Party, USA. 1956 Communist Party jolted by Khrushchev’s denunciation of Stalin. 1957 February: Sixteenth National Convention of Communist Party held in New York City. INDEX _Index_ Abel, Colonel Rudolf Ivanovich, 278 Abraham Lincoln Brigade, 65, 79, 101, 285 Adams, Arthur, 272 Aesopian language, 93-97, 126, 287