_June 25. 1812._ * * * * * _The Spaniards cry "Viva!" but don't act._ I do not expect much from the exertions of the Spaniards, notwithstanding all that we have done for them. They cry _viva!_ and are very fond of us, and hate the French; but they are, in general, the most incapable of useful exertion of all the nations that I have ever known; the most vain, and at the same time the most ignorant, particularly of military affairs, and above all of military affairs in their own country. _August 18, 1812._ * * * * * _Imbecility of the Spanish Leaders._ It is extraordinary that the revolution in Spain should not have produced one man with any knowledge of the real situation of the country. It really appears as if they were all drunk, and thinking, and talking of any other subject but Spain. _November 1, 1812._ _Evils of uncontrolled popular Legislatures._ The theory of all legislation is founded in justice; and, if we could be certain that legislative assemblies could on all occasions act according to the principles of justice, there would be no occasion for those checks and guards which we have seen established under the best systems. Unfortunately, however, we have seen that legislative assemblies are swayed by the fears and passions of individuals; when unchecked, they are tyrannical and unjust; nay, more, it unfortunately happens too frequently, that the most tyrannical and unjust measures are the most popular. Those measures are particularly popular which deprive rich and powerful individuals of their properties under the pretence of the public advantage; and I tremble for a country in which, as in Spain, there is no barrier for the preservation of private property, excepting the justice of a legislative assembly possessing supreme powers. _January 29, 1813._ * * * * * _Ingratitude of the Portuguese to the British Army._ I must say, that the British army, which I have the honour to command, have met with nothing but ingratitude from the government and authorities in Portugal for their services; and that everything that could be done has been done by the civil authorities, lately, to oppress the officers and soldiers on every occasion in which it has by any accident been in their power. I hope, however, that we have seen the last of Portugal. _July 20, 1813._ * * * * * Jealousy of the interference of foreigners in their internal concerns, is the characteristic of all Spaniards. _July 12, 1813._ * * * * * Sound sense is better than abilities. _August 8, 1813._ * * * * * _Basis of military operations against the United States from the side of Canada._