16 oz.--1 pound 1 milligram--1/1000 .001 gram 100 lb.--1 hundred-weight 1 centigram--1/100 .01 gram 2000 lbs.--1 ton 1 decigram--1/10 .1 gram 0.035 oz.--1 gram (Metric system) Gram--1 gram Dekagram--10 grams APOTHECARIES Hectogram--100 grams 27-11/32 grams--1 dram Kilogram--1000 grams 16 drams--1 oz. CHAPTER XLI DEVICES FOR MEASURING VOLUME =286. Graduate and Measuring Cup.= Graduate holding up to four fluid ounces is helpful to use to check up liquids bought in bottles. The standard measuring cup referred to in modern cook books holds half a pint of liquid. It also holds about sixteen level tablespoonfuls of dry material such as sugar. The divisions on glass cups are less likely to be accurate than on metal ones, as the bottom may be thick or thin unless carefully made. In selecting a cup, see that the bottom section is equal to the other sections. 1 cup = 2 gills = 1/2 pint = 16 tablespoons = 48 teaspoons = 8 fluid ounces. 1 cup is also 1/4 of a quart and about 4/17 of a liter. =287. Tablespoons.= Tablespoons vary in size. The size chosen for measuring is the one in most common use and holds about three level teaspoonfuls of material like sugar or flour. 1 tablespoon = 4 drams of liquid = 3 teaspoons. 4 tablespoons = 1/4 cup = 2 fluid ounces. =288. Teaspoons.= Teaspoons vary in size, but the spoon in common use is the one understood as the measure in cookery. It holds about one and one-third fluid drams. =289. Standard Measuring Spoons.= Standard measuring spoons in sets can be purchased at a very moderate price. They are particularly valuable for checking the capacity of the spoons more commonly used. =290. Liquid and Cooking Measures.= 1 teaspoonful = 1-1/3 fluid drams 3 teaspoonfuls = 1 tablespoonful= 4 drams 2 tablespoonfuls = 1 fluid ounce 1/2 cup = 1 gill 2 gills = 1 cupful = 8 fluid ounces 16 tablespoonfuls = 1 cupful 2 cupfuls = 1 pint 2 pints = 1 quart = 4 cupfuls 4 quarts = 1 gallon 4.23 cupfuls = 1 liter 1000 cubic centimeters = 1 liter 1.06 liquid quarts = liter 31-1/2 gallons = 1 barrel 1 milliliter = one-thousandth (.001) liter 1 centiliter = one-hundredth (.01) liter 1 deciliter = one-tenth (.1) liter Liter = 1 liter 1 dekaliter = ten (10) liters 1 hectoliter = one hundred (100) liters 1 kiloliter = 1 thousand (1000) liters =291. Dry Measures.= It is wise for a housewife to have a set of dry measures, consisting of a pint, quart, gallon, peck and half-bushel measure. A quart or gallon liquid measure is not equal to the dry one. It holds less. The diameter of dry measures should be as follows: DIAMETERS OF DRY MEASURES MEASURE DIAMETER 1 pint 4 inches 1 quart 5-3/8 inches 2 quarts 6-5/8 inches 1/2 peck 8-1/2 inches 1 peck 10-7/8 inches 1 bushel 13-3/4 inches