Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The eastern ward contained the castle chapel and the conduit, supplied
with water by lead pipes from an exterior spring called Howling Well.
The chapel, a considerable building, stood detached near the Bloody
Gap, and was removed in 1755. The ecclesiastical establishment seems
to have been on a respectable scale, and included a chantry for the
performance of the obits of the family. In this quarter also stood the
brew, bake, and slaughter-houses for the use of the garrison.
Alnwick Castle is probably the finest extant example of a Norman castle
of this type, having an open keep and a complete _enceinte_; for
although most of the present buildings are either of the fourteenth
or the nineteenth century, the plan is certainly Norman, and certain
detached portions of the construction. It seems also that the keep was
never a mere shell, like Cardiff or Arundel, but was always set about
with towers and provided with a handsome gatehouse. A notable feature
is the use of the round-headed and the segmental arch in the Decorated
period. This is not uncommon in the North of England. The very free use
of stone warriors upon the parapets, carried to an absurd extent in
the repairs of the last century, is also remarkable. They are seen at
Bothal, and in Edwardian works both at Caernarvon and Chepstow, but by
no means so freely distributed as here. They were obviously intended
for ornament only, but, of all figures, that of the eagle at Caernarvon
is the only one at all appropriate. No archer would or could have
stood on the crest of the parapet. Most of the later figures were very
properly removed by Mr. Salvin.
There is found upon the battlements of both walls and towers, in
various parts of the castle, a convenient arrangement for hanging a
movable wooden shutter in the embrasures, so as to defend the warders
from a Scottish shaft, and from the scarcely less keen edge of the
bleak winds of the Border. The shutter was suspended horizontally, like
a port-lid, but from trunnions, of which one rested in a round hole in
one merlon, and the other in a similar hole terminating in a groove
in the other, so that the shutter hung freely, and could be lifted in
and out if necessary. The arrangement is precisely that applied to the
roller of a round towel. Traces of this arrangement remain in various
parts of the castle. A perfect example is seen on the barbican. It may
also be seen on the east wall of Goderich, at Chepstow, and elsewhere.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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