Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 1 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The tower occupies the summit of a mound or knoll of earth, in great
part artificial, which crowns the steep bank of the adjacent river;
rising, perhaps, 60 feet above the stream, and 30 feet or so above the
ground to the west of and behind the building. The mound is placed at
the apex of an earthwork of rather a pear-shaped outline, of which
the river-bank forms the steep east side, while to its base, or north
face, has been applied a vallum nearly rectangular, and which may or
may not be a Roman addition to a Celtic camp. The mound, which has
borne the very considerable weight of the tower in safety, must be of
considerably earlier date; and altogether the work resembles much one
of those numerous instances in which advantage has been taken of an
earlier mound to give elevation to a Norman or early English keep.
There are, however, it is said, remains of masonry, of the character
and probable age of the tower, still standing upon a part of the
vallum, and indications that, as is known to have been the case, the
tower did not stand alone, but was within a base court. These walls are
not now of any extent, and seem to be included within a modern house
built upon the old enclosure.
This tower is at its base 37 feet in diameter, and batters inwards to
12 feet high, when it is girt by a bold cordon or string-course, much
eroded, but apparently of a half-round section, with a water-groove
on its under side. Above this the tower is cylindrical, and 34 feet
diameter, or very nearly so, to the summit, which is at present about
60, and may have been 70 feet high. Besides the battering base there is
a slight rough set-off, apparently part of the foundation, above ground
on the southern face. Round the whole is a walk of about 18 inches
broad, so that the mound is about 40 feet across at its top.
The tower is composed of a basement and three floors, above which was
the battlement, now completely destroyed. The basement within was
cylindrical, 18 feet diameter, with walls 9 feet 6 inches thick, and
covered by a pointed vault, the ridge of which runs about north-east
and south-west. This room was aired rather than lighted by a stepped
recess, terminating in a small loop or hole at a considerable height,
through which nothing could be seen. It was entered on the opposite
or west side by a trap door in the first floor, which lifted within a
window recess, and disclosed a flight of eight very steep stairs, 2
feet 7 inches broad, terminating in a doorway rather above 7 feet from
the floor; below which, therefore, was probably a wooden ladder. The
rebate shows the door to have opened inwards, and to have had bolts on
its outer side. The floor is on the level of the top of the mound, and
in its centre is a depression which may indicate a well.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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