Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
The principal or south-west is also the most perfect front, and that
which looks into the inner ward. It is here seen that the keep was
composed of a sub-basement below the court level; a basement at the
level; a first or main floor; and an upper floor: the lines of floor
being indicated by two stringcourses or mouldings.
The sub-basement consists only of the dungeon. [A. Fig. _a._] The
entrance is by a sunken doorway, approached by a descending flight
of steps. It is placed 14 feet from the western turret, and the top
of the doorway arch shows just above the ground level. The doorway
opens into a vaulted passage, down which twelve steps lead to a second
doorway, that of the dungeon. This may be described as a square of 23
feet, of which the two north-eastern angles are cut off, reducing one
end to a sort of apse of three faces of 9 feet 6 inches each. In the
centre is a plain cylindrical pier, 3 feet diameter, with a chamfered
base, but no cap, from the head of which branch out twelve ribs, plain
and substantial, with a slightly hollow chamfer. They are arranged in
groups of three, separated by four rather wider openings, of which two,
including the two right angles, are traversed by diagonal ribs, so that
the plan of the vault is an octagon. There is an air-hole 3 feet square
in the north wall, whence a passage, slightly zigzag, and 14 feet long,
ended in a loop, now broken down. There seems also to have been a
garderobe, as the mouth of a sewer is seen outside at the foot of the
wall, 10 feet below the loop.
The basement floor contains three chambers, entered from the inner ward
by three doors. [A. Fig. _b._] Of these a narrow one of 2 feet opening
placed close to the turret leads by a vaulted passage 3 feet long into
the record-room. [B. Fig. _a._] This is an L-shaped chamber, of which
the arms are 6 feet 6 inches broad, and on the longer sides 12 feet,
and on the shorter 5 feet 6 inches, one limb being a few inches the
larger. In the north-west wall is a loop for air. Each limb is crossed
by a plain chamfered rib, and the square space thus formed, common to
the two limbs, is crossed diagonally by a single rib. This chamber was
recently used as a debtor’s prison.
Next to the record-room, and nearer the centre of the front, is a large
window, of which the ashlar casing and tracery have been removed, and
the cill cut down to convert it into a door. At present the aperture is
6 feet broad and 13 feet to the crown of the arch. Close to, but beyond
this, is the original doorway, now blocked up, but quite perfect.
It was of 5 feet opening with a low drop arch, and over it a good
Decorated drip stone or hood moulding. This door led into the kitchen.
[B. Fig. _a._]
The kitchen may be described as a square of 24 feet, having applied to
its north-east side an apse of three faces of 8 feet each; or it may be
called a rectangle of 24 feet by 30 feet, with two of its angles cut
off so as to form an apse.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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