Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
During the reign of Henry II. the Crown recovered much of its power,
and Lincoln Castle seems to have been dissociated from the earldom,
although the Earl of Chester preserved a hold upon it. Richard de Hay
held the constableship in fee, and it descended to his daughter and
heiress, Nicholaa, who married Gerald de Camville, who received from
Richard I. the custody of the castle and the farm of the revenues of
the county. Gerald, however, was a partisan of Prince John, and stood a
siege in the castle from Longchamp, chancellor to the absent Richard.
The castle was relieved by John; but Gerard lost his office and farm in
1194, until John became king. His widow, Nicholaa, held the castle for
the king against the insurgent lords. After the war, King John visited
Lincoln, and Nicholaa, then of great age, received him at the east
gate of the castle, and offered him the keys, desiring to be relieved
on account of her age. John gracefully requested her to retain the
keys, and she continued in command through the reign of John, and into
that of Henry his son. Nicholaa was sheriff of the county, and a very
remarkable person. In her latter days she had an assistant assigned
to her, and a manor to support the charges of her office. She finally
retired, and died in 1231.
In 1216, towards the close of John’s reign, Gilbert de Gant, nephew to
the former Earl of Lincoln of the same name, condescended to accept
the titular rank at the hands of the invading French Prince Louis, and
took the city, but not the castle. He fought and was taken at the “Fair
of Lincoln,” in May, 1217, by Ranulph de Blondville, Earl of Chester,
a man of small stature but a great soldier, who added the title of
Lincoln to that of Chester four days after the battle, and held it
until he resigned it to his sister, Hawise de Quincy, in 1232. The
actual relief introduced into the castle before the battle was led by
the notorious Fulk de Breauté.
The descent of the constableship of the castle is at this point rather
obscure. It seems, probably during the minority of De Camville’s
daughter and heiress, Idonea, to have been administered successively
by Philip de Lascelles, Walter Evermue, and, in 1224, by William de
Longespée, Earl of Salisbury, probably as having married Idonea,
daughter and heiress of Gerard de Camville. Whether their son William,
who died 1257, held it is uncertain, but whatever rights he had were
united to those of the Earls of Lincoln by the marriage of his daughter
and heiress, Margaret Longespée, to Henry de Lacy. Henry was descended
from Hawise de Quincy, whose daughter Margaret carried the earldom to
her husband John de Lacy, who died 1240. Their son, Edmond, did not
live to inherit; but his son, Henry de Lacy, was Earl of Lincoln, and
by his marriage with Margaret Longespée, earl also of Salisbury. In the
Escheat Roll, 4 Edward II., he is entered as constable of the castle of
Lincoln.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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