Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)Clark, George Thomas
History
Mediæval Military Architecture in England, Volume 2 (of 2)
Clark, George Thomas
Architecture -- England; Architecture, Medieval; Military architecture
Captain James, who conducted the Ordnance Survey of the district and
paid great attention to the ancient boundaries, and to whose researches
much that concerns the castle is due, is of opinion that the area of
the park was on the north, west, and east, conterminous with the parish
of St. Nicholas, and that on the south it was bounded by the crest of
the Hog’s Back. This tract is said anciently to have contained four
manors, but at this time it is composed of three very ancient farms,
all within one manor.
King John, whose suspicious nature and feverish activity led him to be
always in motion, was at Guildford nineteen times in eleven different
years. In 1200 he kept Christmas here and equipped his household in
new liveries, which, to the king’s great but dissembled disgust, the
Archbishop of Canterbury proceeded to surpass in splendour. In 1202 he
was not here; but there is a charge for £6. 5s. 8d. for work done upon
the king’s houses, and £1. 6s. 6d. for the transport of wine, and 4s.
for the repair of the gaol in the castle. This is the first mention of
the castle, and it is curious that it is connected with its use as a
prison.
In 1204, John was here 9th October and 7th, 8th, 9th November; and in
this year £10 was paid for the repair of the king’s houses, and £40
for the expenses of his chamber. John Fitz-Hugh, sheriff of Surrey
and Sussex, 1208, 1210–11–12–13 and 1214, was then made keeper of the
park. In 1205, the king was here 9th, 10th, 11th of April; 1st August;
and 30th, 31st of October. On the 7th February, two tuns of wine, the
king’s prisage, were sent here, and 15th May, two hundred porkers went
from hence to Southampton, a supply of flesh to London, and a net to
Southwark.
King John was here 28th, 29th, 30th December, 1206, and in 1207,
27th, 28th December. In this year, 28th August, the sheriff of Hants
was to take certain prisoners from Sarum Castle and deliver them to
the constable of Guildford Castle. This is the second mention of the
fortress, and also as a gaol. In 1208, John was here 25th, 26th, 27th
January; and 5th, 6th, 7th April; and in 1210, on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd
January; and 8th March. Also in 1212, on the 12th, 13th, and 14th May.
In 1213, on the 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th December, King John was here.
3rd January the custody of the county of Surrey, with the castle of
Guildford, was committed to Reginald, son of Reginald de Cornhill, to
be held during pleasure, and John Fitz-Hugh was ordered to give it up
to him. The Cornhills were a family of farmers-general of the revenues
of the counties south of London, and between 1164 and 1215 Gervase,
Henry, Ralph, and Reginald de Cornhill appear as sheriffs of Surrey and
Sussex then combined.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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