Medical Jurisprudence, Volume 3 (of 3)Paris, John Ayrton
Science
Medical Jurisprudence, Volume 3 (of 3)
Paris, John Ayrton
Medical laws and legislation -- Great Britain
Another question of forensic interest has arisen upon this subject that
requires some notice. Whether there are not bones in the structures of
inferior animals, that so nearly approach those of the human species in
figure and appearance as to admit the possibility of their being
mistaken for them, by the superficial anatomist? It must be admitted
that there does exist a similitude in the skeletons of different
animals, of which the common observer cannot derive the least notion
from the shape of the parts they sustain, or from the general aspect of
their external form. _Bats_, for instance, appear to have wings, but an
attentive examination demonstrates that they are real hands, the fingers
of which are merely somewhat lengthened; still, however, it is the bones
of quadrupeds that can alone be mistaken for those of man, and of these
the cylindrical ones are the most likely to mislead us; for example, the
_Humerus_ varies little in its form, except perhaps in the proportional
length of the bone, and the elevation of its spines: the _Ruminantia_,
in general, have the _great tuberosity_ very high, and the _linea
aspera_ very prominent. To _Cuvier_ we are much indebted for the marks
of discrimination by which we may determine to what genus of animal the
isolated parts of a skeleton belong; and his researches have changed the
opinion regarding the character of many organic remains. Most of the
labourers in the Gypsum quarries about Paris are firmly persuaded that
the bones which they contain are, in a great part, human remains; but,
after having seen and carefully examined many thousands of them,
_Cuvier_ unequivocally declares that not a single fragment has ever
belonged to our species. Another similar discovery has been made by this
illustrious anatomist, in the history of the extraneous fossil bones
from the island of Cerigo, and deposited by _Spallanzani_ at Pavia as
human remains, but of which he affirms there is not one that ever formed
a part of the human skeleton; the same _tact_, if we may so express this
peculiar merit of _Cuvier_, enabled him to decypher the “_Homo Diluvii
Testis_” of _Scheutzer_, and to restore it to its true genus, the
_Proteus_.
We shall close our remarks upon the fallacies by which the bones of
quadrupeds have been mistaken for those of man, by the interesting
account of the remains which were found by _Belzoni_ in a sarcophagus in
the second pyramid of Egypt, and for a detailed relation of which we are
indebted to _Captain Fitzclarence_, in his overland route from India.
These bones were believed to be no other than the remains of _King
Cephrenes_, who, according to _Herodotus_, is supposed to have built the
pyramid, and to have been buried in its cavern; unfortunately, however,
for the antiquarian’s conjecture, _Mr. Clift_, of the College of
Surgeons, has satisfactorily proved that the bones in question are not
human, but belong to an animal of the genus _Bos_.
ABORTION AND INFANTICIDE.
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