Medieval English Nunneries c. 1275 to 1535Power, Eileen
History
Medieval English Nunneries c. 1275 to 1535
Power, Eileen
Convents -- England; Monastic and religious life of women -- History
Lent fare was naturally not very pleasant, for all the mitigations of
almonds and figs. At other times of the year the convent ate on fish-days
fresh fish, when they could get it, otherwise dried or salt fish, and on
meat-days either beef or some form of pig's flesh, eaten fresh as pork,
cured and salted as bacon, or pickled as _sowce_[383]. Mutton was also
eaten, though much more seldom, for the sheep in the middle ages was
valued for its wool, rather than for its meat, and was indeed a scraggy
little animal, until the discovery of winter crops and the experiments of
Bakewell revolutionised stock-breeding and the English food-supply in the
eighteenth century. The nuns also had fowls on festive occasions, eggs,
cheese and butter from the dairy and vegetables from the garden. The
staple allowance of bread and beer made on the premises was always
provided by the convent, even when the nuns had a money allowance to cater
for themselves in other articles of food[384]. Some idea of the menu of an
average house is given in the Syon rule:
For the sustres and brethren sche [the cellaress] shal euery day for
the more parte ordeyne for two maner of potages, or els at leste for
one gode and that is best of alle. If ther be two, that one be sewe
[broth] of flesche and fische, after [according to what] the day is;
and that other of wortes or herbes, or of any other thing that groweth
in the yerthe, holsom to the body, as whete, ryse, otemele, peson and
suche other. Also sche schal ordeyne for two sundry metes, of flesche
and of fysche, one fresche, another powdred [salted], boyled, or
rosted, or other wyse dyghte, after her discrecion, and after the day,
tyme and nede requyreth, as the market and purse wylle stretche. And
thys schal stonde for the prebende, which is a pounde of brede, welle
weyed, with a potel of ale and a messe of mete.... On fysche dayes
sche schal ordeyn for whyte metes, yf any may be hadde after the
rewle, be syde fysche metes, as it is before seyd. Also, ones a wyke
at the leste, sche schal ordeyn that the sustres and brethren be
serued withe newe brede, namely on water dayes, but neuer withe newe
ale, nor palled or ouer sowre, as moche as sche may. For supper sche
schal ordeyn for some lytel sowpyng, and for fysche and whyte mete, or
for any other thynge suffred by the rewle, lyghte of dygestyon
equyualente, and as gode to the bodyly helthe.... On water dayes sche
schal ordeyne for bonnes or newe brede, water grewel, albreys and for
two maner of froytes at leste yf it may be, that is to say, apples,
peres or nuttes, plummes, chiryes, benes, peson, or any suche other,
and thys in competent mesure, rosten or sothen, or other wyse dyghte
to the bodyly helthe, and sche must se that the water be sothen with
browne brede in maner of a tysan, or withe barley brede, for coldenes
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