"With regard to those who are to receive the degree of doctor in medical science, it must be especially observed that all those seeking the degree shall have heard lectures in all the books of this same science which are usually required to be heard by similar students at the University of Bologna or of Paris, and that this shall continue for seven years. Those, however, who have elsewhere received sufficient instruction in logic or philosophy having applied themselves to these studies for five years in the aforesaid universities, with the provision, however, that at least three years of the aforesaid five or seven year term shall have been devoted to hearing lectures in medical science in some university and according to custom, shall have been examined under duly authorized teachers and shall have, besides, read such books outside the regular course as may be required, may, with due observation of all the regulations which are demanded for the taking of degrees in Paris or Bologna, also be allowed to take the examination at Perugia." INDEX Abdallah, 41 Abdominal wounds, 98 Abella, 157 Abulcasis, 35, 78 Abul Farag, 33 Adalbert of Mainz, 63 Adale, 41 Ægidius, 64 Ægina, Paul of, 6, 27, 33, 138, 146, 149, 184, 186 Æginetus. _See_ Ægina, Paul of Ætius, 4, 28, 138, 146 Aëtius, 27 Albert the Great, 110 Albertus Magnus, 14, 18 Alcohol, 194 Alessandra Giliani, 164 Alexander of Tralles, 4, 27, 29, 146 Alexandria, 33 Ali Abbas, 35 Alphanus, 41 Anæsthesia, 100, 104, 105, 120 Anselm of Havelberg, 63 Anthemios, 5 Antiseptic surgery, 104 wine as, 101 Arabian culture, 8 surgeons, 149 Arabians, 139 Arabs, 46 Archbishop of Lyons, 63 Arculanus, 147, 150 Ardern, John, 85, 123, 127 Aretæus, 186 Argelata, Pietro d', 125 Aristotle, 18 study of, 16 Armato, Salvino de, 152 Arnold de Villanova, 66 aphorisms of, 67 Arsenic in syphilis, 124 Artificial teeth, 142 Asepsis, 95, 101 Asylums, 191 Aue, Hartmann von der, 64 Aurelius Celsus, 26 Authorities of medieval physicians, 20 Authority, influence of, 12 Autointoxication, 83 Avenzoar, 35, 77 Averroes, 35 Avicenna, 35, 47, 76, 149 Baas, 181 Bachtischua, 7 Bacon, Roger, 14, 110 Bandages, stiffened, 123 Barber surgeons, 115 Bartholomæus Anglicus, 81 Bartholomew on causes of insanity, 192 Basil Valentine, 84 Baths, 32 for melancholia, 184 Bedlam, 188 Bedlamites, 201 Belisarius, Hospital of, 171 Benedictine convents, 159 Bernard de Gordon, 70, 72, 153 Bernard of Morlaix, 49 Bile in eye diseases, 152 Bladders of animals, 78 Bleeding, 55, 84 Blood-letting, 32 Bologna, 40 Bones, number of, 54 Bougies, 123 Branca, 106 Antonio, 107 Bruno da Longoburgo, 96 Brunschwig, Hieronymus, 135 Bubonic plague, 77 Calomel, 85 Care of the insane, 34, 183, 189 Care of the sick, 24, 25