[1] Fulbert, c. 960-1028. His distinguished successor Ives, who ruled Chartres 1090-1115, had been, with Anselm, a pupil of Lanfranc at Bec, and had himself taught there (Clerval, 146). That Chartres had the whole _Organon_ even before Gilbert de la Porrée, Richard l’Evêque, and John of Salisbury is shown by Clerval, 244 seq. Haskins notes in the twelfth century the primacy of the cathedral schools (Laon, Tours, Chartres, Orléans, Paris) over the monastic. (_The Normans in European History_, 177; _The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century_, 49.) [2] The traditional manuals and authors continue: Donatus, Priscian, Martianus Capella (not much used), Bede, _De arte metrica_; Livy, Valerius Maximus, Orosius, Gregory of Tours; Vergil, Ovid, Horace, Terence, Statius; Fortunatus, Sedulius, Arator, Prudentius, Boethius. _Prælectio_ appears at its best in John of Salisbury’s account of the teaching of Bernard of Chartres (below pages 160-164). See the admirable summaries, period by period, in Clerval. The library at Bec in the twelfth century had Priscian, Isidore, Martianus Capella (with Remi’s commentary), Anselm _De grammatica_, and Claudian (PL 150: 775-782). [3] Clerval, 111-113, suggests an influence on the earlier forms of liturgical sequences. [4] Colson (ed. of Book I, Cambridge, 1924) finds no clear indication of Quintilian in the eleventh century; and the large use of him by John of Salisbury in the twelfth (below, page 169) is not specifically related to rhetoric. Cicero is limited to _De inventione_ and the commentary of Victorinus (Clerval, 115). The _Rhetorica ad Herennium_ is the source of the _Colores_ of Onulf, who taught at Speier c. 1050. The Bec library had in the twelfth century “utraque rhetorica” (i.e., _De inv._ and _Ad Herenn._), Cicero, _De partit. orat._, Suetonius, and the letters of Sidonius. At Chartres Thierry cites Quintilian and, according to Clerval, 233, Cicero, _De oratore_. The latter, with Quintilian, appears in _A list of textbooks from the close of the twelfth century_, Haskins in Harvard Stud. Class. Phil. 20:92. [5] Clerval, 115-116. [6] *100 as described in Clerval, 117. Besides Fulbert’s verses, it has (*10) two short treatises: _De rhetoricæ cognatione_, and _Locorum rhetoricorum distinctio_. The _Topica_, of course, are common ground between rhetoric and logic. [7] Gilbertus Porretanus, c. 1075-1154, Chancellor at Chartres 1126, teacher at Paris 1141, Bishop of Poitiers 1142; _Liber sex principiorum_, _Comment. IV libr. Boeth._, _Liber de causis_. See Clerval, 163-168, and Poole. Clerval suggests that Gilbert, as well as Thierry and Bernard Silvester, had relations with the Toulouse translators of Arabic books into Latin.