[39] The meter is – ⏓ – – – ⏓ – – – ⏑ – – – ⏑ ⏑ (with – ⏑ permissible instead of – –) For other combinations of stanzas in hymns taken from this poem see AH 50: 25-27. [40] _Apparebit repentina_, above, page 111. [41] Part of this, but also used separately, is _Lustra sex qui iam peregit_. [42] The evidence is reviewed by Blume, AH 51: 269-271. [43] _De arte metrica_, Keil VII. 258. [44] _De consol. philos._ I, Metr. ii. See above, page 101. [45] Blume rejects the ascription to St. Gregory the Great; and the hymn may belong to the next period. Cf. _Nocte surgentes vigilemus omnes_, page 136. Any one who will render in time rhythm the most familiar of all Sapphics, the “Integer vitæ” of Horace, then sing it to the familiar college tune, then render it as a _rhythmus_, will realize practically much of what is involved in interpreting a given text of this period of transition. Greenough’s _Accentual rhythm in Latin_ (Harvard Studies IV. 105) pointed out in 1893 that quantitative correctness in medieval use of the Sapphic does not preclude accentual preoccupation. [46] _De consol. phil._ III, metrum iii; quoted above, page 103. [47] See Blume _ad loc._ He admits the possibility, which seems far from a probability, of reading this as a senarius, but prints it with conviction as a four-verse stanza (dividing at the cæsura) after the analogy of other Irish hymns. Some of these are in this manuscript; but none is equal in art, and this one is not so written. I think it must have been sung _Sánctí, veníté, Chrísti córpus súmité_, though _Sáncti, veníte_ is a more frequent rhythmical opening. [48] Second stanza of _Salvete flores martyrum_, above, section 1. [49] Above, page 114. [50] Page 119. [51] Page 120. CHAPTER V THE CAROLINGIANS AND THE TENTH CENTURY REFERENCES AND ABBREVIATIONS AH Dreves and Blume, _Analecta hymnica medii ævi_, Leipzig, vol. 1, 1886; vol. 53, 1911. ARP Baldwin (C. S.), _Ancient rhetoric and poetic_, New York, 1924. Clark Clark (J. M.), _The abbey of St. Gall ..._, Cambridge University Press, 1926. Ermini Ermini (F.), _Poeti epici latini del secolo X_, Rome, 1920. Halm Halm (K.), _Rhetores latini minores_, Leipzig, 1863. Keil Keil (H.), _Grammatici latini_, Leipzig, 1870-1880, 7 vols. Manitius Manitius (M.), _Geschichte der lateinischen Literatur des Mittelalters_, Munich, 1911, 2 vols. (in Von Mueller’s Handbuch der klassischen Alterthums-Wissenschaft, IX. ii). MGH _Monumenta Germaniæ historica_ (cited by page of the appropriate volume). PL Migne, _Patrologia latina_ (cited by volume and column). A. THE TRIVIUM IN THE GREATER MONASTERIES