Royal speech, a spurious one published in Pitt’s first parliament, and the author punished by the House of Lords, ii. 277. Royal wills, anecdote of burning, i. 175; iii. 308, 313. Royalty in England, its influence little felt in politics, i. 375, 376; the author’s observations on, as contrasted with republicanism, i. 376. Russia, alliance with, and its consequences, ii. 151, 236. Rutland, Duke of, returns to court after long retirement, ii. 2; is appointed lord steward, but independent of party, _ib._ Sabbath-day, comparative rigidness of the Jews and Quakers, ii. 167; police regulations on, iii. 98. Sackville, Lord G., opposes the Duke of Cumberland’s Mutiny Bill, i. 41; his character and political influence in Ireland, 279; declares himself for Pitt in the House of Commons; political anecdotes and observations on the same, ii. 314, 315; acquires great weight in government, iii. 107 (vide _Ireland_, _passim_); commands in Germany, 147; battle of Minden, 190, et seq., 212, et seq.; court-martial, and opinion on, after dismissal from the service, 252; personal consequences of the imputation of cowardice, 256; arrest and court-martial brought before the House of Commons as matter of privilege, 265; sentence, 273; remarks, 274. Salt tax proposed by Alderman Beckford, ii. 302. Sandwich, Earl of, political rise to the Admiralty, through the Bedford interest, i. 2; sporting practices and diplomatic services, 3; political manœuvre in regard to the German war, 99, et seq.; political versatility and clinging to power, 161; political hostility of the Pelham faction, 185; interferes to save the Duke of Bedford from that party, 186; his political character, 187; is dismissed from office by the Pelham faction, 190; differs in Parliament with the Duke of Bedford, on the Saxon treaty, 250; ruins his credit for abilities by an unfortunate speech, 251; election differences with the Duke of Newcastle, in Cornwall, 407; ii. 10, 11. Sandys, Lord, parliamentary juggling on the Marriage Bill, i. 347; becomes Speaker to the House of Lords, ii. 274. Saunders, Captain, compelled by the first lord of the Admiralty to vote for the Marriage Bill, i. 345. Saunders, Admiral, his character, political and naval, iii. 230, 231; judicious exercise of discretion, _ib._ Saxony, a subsidiary treaty with, in favour of the Archduke Joseph, i. 240; comes before Parliament, 242, et seq.; invaded by Prussia, and Dresden taken, ii. 241; its sufferings from the German war, iii. 247; character and anecdotes of the court of, ii. 396, _ad finem_. Scarborough, extraordinary surrender of the liberty of election to Pelham, as the minister, i. 355.