=1597.= Before you enter on the study of law a sufficient ground work must be laid.... Mathematics and natural philosophy are so useful in the most familiar occurrences of life and are so peculiarly engaging and delightful as would induce everyone to wish an acquaintance with them. Besides this, the faculties of the mind, like the members of a body, are strengthened and improved by exercise. Mathematical reasoning and deductions are, therefore, a fine preparation for investigating the abstruse speculations of the law.--JEFFERSON, THOMAS. _Quoted in Cajori’s Teaching and History of Mathematics in the U. S. (Washington, 1890), p. 35._ =1598.= It has been observed in England of the study of law,--though the acquisition of the most difficult parts of its learning, the interpretation of laws, the comparison of authorities, and the construction of instruments, would seem to require philological and critical training; though the weighing of evidence and the investigation of probable truth belong to the province of the moral sciences, and the peculiar duties of the advocate require rhetorical skill,--yet that a large proportion of the most distinguished members of the profession has proceeded from the university (that of Cambridge) most celebrated for the cultivation of mathematical studies.--EVERETT, EDWARD. _Orations and Speeches (Boston, 1870), Vol. 2, p. 511._ =1599.= All historic science tends to become mathematical. Mathematical power is classifying power.--NOVALIS. _Schriften (Berlin, 1901), Teil 2, p. 192._ =1599a.= History has never regarded itself as a science of statistics. It was the Science of Vital Energy in relation with time; and of late this radiating centre of its life has been steadily tending,--together with every form of physical and mechanical energy,--toward mathematical expression.--ADAM, HENRY. _A Letter to American Teachers of History (Washington, 1910), p. 115._ =1599b.= Mathematics can be shown to sustain a certain relation to rhetoric and may aid in determining its laws.--SHERMAN L. A. _University [of Nebraska] Studies, Vol. 1, p. 130._ CHAPTER XVI ARITHMETIC =1601.= There is no problem in all mathematics that cannot be solved by direct counting. But with the present implements of mathematics many operations can be performed in a few minutes which without mathematical methods would take a lifetime. --MACH, ERNST. _Popular Scientific Lectures [McCormack] (Chicago, 1898), p. 197._