The Lenten veil (a remnant of former use), which was hung across the chancel between the screen and the altar, is alluded to in _Lincoln Cathedral Statutes_, “velum pendere ante altare,” and at _Leverton_, as “the veil of the temple hanging between the choir and the altar in Lent.” At _Heckington_ and _Claypole_ still remain the hooks used for this purpose. But besides separating the clergy and laity, the western portion of the screens, where they were solid, or the upper part where they were open, served to support, or was in close relation to, a horizontal beam—the rood-beam—which stretched across the chancel arch, and itself supported the rood. This, of course, was a crucifix, and, as Fuller says, “when perfectly made and with all the appurtenances thereof, had not only the image of Our Saviour extended upon it, but the figures of the Virgin Mary and St. John” (the former on the north at Our Saviour’s right hand, the latter on the south side and so at His left). It may be mentioned here that roods carved in stone have been found on the outside of Saxon churches. Thus, on the west side of the porch at _Branston_, near Lincoln, are the remains of such a sculpture under a three-headed arch; also at _Marton by Stow_ a Saxon crucifix rudely carved in stone was found during the restoration in 1892, and another existed at Headbourn Worthy, Hants. A Saxon or Runic cross was found in the north aisle in restoring _Colsterworth Church_; and at _Barton on Humber_ (St. Peter’s), over the inside of the eastern arch of the tower, is a stone slab with a face carved in the upper part of it. These roods of wood or metal were apparently early introduced into churches, with or without the screens as mentioned before: “A.D. MXXIII. Kanutus Rex dedit ecclesiæ Christi in Doroberniæ” (vel Duroverniæ = Canterbury), “portum de Sandwico cum corona sua aurea quæ adhuc servatur in capite crucis majoris in navi ejusdem ecclesiæ.” Stigand again, who was buried at Winchester in 1069, according to John of Exeter: “Magnam crucem ex argento cum ymaginibus argenteis in pulpito ecclesiæ contulit.” Aldred, the last Saxon Archbishop of York (1060-1069), erected “Supra ostium chori pulpitum aere, aere auro, argento auro, mirabili opere Teutonico exornavit,” in Beverley Minster. Mention is made of a black marble crucifix at Waltham in the time of Canute, and the rood at Battle Abbey is spoken of as existing in 1095. Gervase, in describing Lanfranc’s cathedral at Canterbury (1174), says: “A screen with a loft (_pulpitum_) separated in a manner the aforesaid tower” (the central one) “from the nave, and had in the middle and on the side towards the nave the altar of the Holy Cross. Above the loft, and placed across the church, was the beam, which sustained a great cross” (a crucifix almost certainly), “two cherubim, and the images of St. Mary and St. John the Apostle.”