Round the camp fire that night the battles of the day were fought over
again, but the main talk was about Indians. For the last week or two all
America had been ringing with the murder of General Canby and the Peace
Commissioners by the Modoc Indians of the lava beds on the borders of
California and Oregon; but the news, already stale even in Europe, had
not yet reached the prairie, and we were the first to tell the story to
the hunters. They were fiercely indignant, but far more so against the
Government than against the Modocs. Even the wildest men, the men like
Prairie Bill who held that “an Indian was never in his proper place till
he was six feet underground,” were bound to admit that the Government
treated them shamefully. The policy adopted at that time was, as the
march of civilization advanced, to keep driving them back further and
further on to reservations, as the parcels of land allotted to them
were called. In return for the rich territory of which they were robbed
the Government supplied them with blankets, arms, ammunition and other
necessaries, which were distributed by the “Indian Agents.”
There were few warmer berths in the gift of the ministry than that of an
Indian Agent. There were practically no limits to his powers of robbery,
and right good or bad use he made of his opportunities, charging for
first-class double blankets and supplying the poor Indian starvelings
with half blankets of the thinnest and meanest description; and so it
was with all other stores. In a few years the agent was a rich man. The
Indians knew they were being swindled, but there was no redress, and one
fine day there would come a day of reckoning such as we were discussing.
Then the soldiers must be called out to wreak vengeance which is not
consummated until many valuable lives have been lost; for what chance
have drill and discipline and regular troops against the cunning of
savages fighting on the vantage ground of such a stronghold as the lava
beds. “Why don’t they call out the hunters?” said Prairie Bill; “guess
we’re used to trackin’ varmin!”
Wherever there were gathered together ten men who live by honest labour,
whether they were merchants in New York, miners in California, farmers
or hunters on the prairie, one heard the same abuse of the Government,
the same tale of bribery, extortion and corruption. These men, with whom
we were talking, were rough and wild and uncouth, but they were not bad
fellows, as Mr. Ruggles testified, and they earned their bread hardly and
honestly by the sweat of their brows. Nay more! They had a fair right to
complain, for they were the most likely men to suffer by the policy of
a Government which provoked the savages by robbery, and then furnished
them with arms to avenge their outrages. It was the scalp of the hunter
and not that of the Minister at Washington that was in peril. The Indian
agent was surely one of the most striking products of universal suffrage.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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