From the above I gather that the white-flowered white-seeded pea is (if I may use the term) an original variety well fixed and distinct entirely from the maple, that the two do not thoroughly intermingle (for whenever the white flower crops out, the plant and its parts all appear to follow exactly the characters of the white pea), and that the maple is a cross-bred variety which has become somewhat permanent and would seem to include amongst its ancestors one or more bearing seeds either altogether or partly violet- or purple-coloured; for although this colour does not appear on the seed of the “maple,” it is very potent in the variety, and appears in many parts of the plant and its offspring from cross-fertilised flowers, sometimes on the external surface or at the sutures of the pods of the latter, at others on the seeds and stems, and very frequently on the seeds; and whenever it shows itself on any part of the plant, the flowers are invariably purple. My deductions have been confirmed by intercrosses effected between the various white-, blue-, some singularly bright green-seeded peas which I have selected, and the maple- and purple-podded and the purple-flowered sugar peas, and by reversing those crosses. I have also deduced from my experiments, in accordance with the conclusions of the late Mr Knight and others, that the colours of the envelopes of the seeds of peas immediately resulting from a cross are never changed[121]. I find, however, that the colour and probably the substance of the cotyledons are sometimes, but not always, changed by the cross fertilisation of two different varieties; and I do not agree with Mr Knight that the form and size of the seeds produced are unaltered[122]; for I have on more than one occasion observed that the cotyledons in the seeds directly resulting from a cross of a blue wrinkled pea fertilised by the pollen of a white round variety have been of a greenish-white colour[123], and the seeds nearly round[124] and larger or smaller according as there may have been a difference in the size of the seeds of the two varieties[125]. [121] The nature of this mistake is now clear; for as stated above xenia is only likely to occur when the maternal seed-coat is pigmented. The violet coats in this experiment are themselves cases of xenia. [122] Knight, it was seen, crossed round ♀ × indented ♂ and consequently got no change of form. [123] Cotyledons seen through coat. [124] Ordinary dominance of round. [125] This is an extraordinary statement to be given as a general truth. There are sometimes indications of this kind, but certainly the facts are not usually as here stated.