Frequent contributions have been made from time to time to the literature of psychiatry on the subject of dementia praecox. Voluminous articles have been written on its pathology, psychological mechanisms, etiology, etc. Many of the theories advanced are not in harmony with what little definite information we possess. Many of the theses on this subject have been based on the study of a surprisingly small number of cases. The statement has been made[125] that attacks either of a syncopal or epileptic nature are among the most important physical symptoms of dementia praecox, and "occur in about eighteen per cent of the cases." In his eighth edition Kraepelin speaks of convulsive attacks of various sorts in sixteen per cent of all cases of dementia praecox, and says that they also occur in a few cases of manic-depressive insanity. These findings are certainly not consistent with those of other observers. In a review of eight hundred cases, five hundred of dementia praecox, one hundred and eighty of manic-depressive insanity and sixty in each of the "allied to" groups, Simon[126] found convulsions in less than one per cent of the total number of cases in which epilepsy or organic conditions could be definitely excluded. In a study of 367 cases of dementia praecox Ullman[127] found convulsive manifestations in 2.7 per cent of the total. He also reported seizures in 1.4 per cent of 340 cases of manic-depressive insanity. Kraepelin formerly held that recovery was to be expected in about eight per cent of the cases of hebephrenic dementia praecox and thirteen per cent of the cases of katatonia (seventh edition). Notwithstanding this, he says in his eighth edition in one place:[128] "Further investigations of a series of observations carried on extensively and carefully for decades must show how far the view, which is gaining in probability for myself, is correct, that permanent and complete recoveries of dementia praecox, though they may perhaps occur, still in any event belong to the rarities." As Kraepelin himself suggests, the widely varying views on this subject are due to different conceptions as to what constitutes dementia praecox and what is to be considered a cure. Certainly we are in need of further information. On June 30, 1918, there were 37,352 patients in the state hospitals of New York.[129] Twenty-one thousand nine hundred and two cases were diagnosed as dementia praecox. Fifty-four of these were discharged as recovered during the year. This represents 3.2 per cent of the 1,687 cases discharged as recovered, 2.8 per cent of the 1,883 cases of dementia praecox admitted during that period (first admissions) and .2 per cent of the 21,902 cases of dementia praecox in the hospitals. The reports of the State Psychopathic Hospital at the University of Michigan show 1.19 per cent of recoveries in the cases of dementia praecox discharged during a period of eleven years. Reference is made to these discrepancies not