Mental diseases: a public health problemMay, James Vance
Science
Mental diseases: a public health problem
May, James Vance
Mental health services; Psychology, Pathological
Maudsley spoke of Affective or Pathetic, and Ideational Insanity.
The former was divided into maniacal perversion, melancholic
depression and moral alienation. The latter included general forms
(mania or melancholia), partial forms (monomania or melancholia),
dementia (primary and secondary), general paralysis and imbecility.
Régis described five forms of mania, five of melancholia, two of
insanity of double form, and a systematized progressive insanity.
In addition to these, he divided constitutional insanity into two
groups—the degeneracy of evolution and the degeneracy of involution.
Krafft-Ebing[139] included melancholia, mania, primary dementia,
exhaustion psychoses and terminal conditions in his group of
psychoneuroses. Under the heading of degenerative forms he described
constitutional affective insanity, paranoia and periodical insanity.
Neurasthenic, epileptic, hysterical and hypochondriacal psychoses were
grouped together under the constitutional neuroses. In addition to
this he described chronic intoxications, organic brain diseases and
arrested development. At a meeting of the International Congress of
Alienists in 1889 the following classification was adopted: 1. Mania;
2. Melancholia; 3. Periodical Insanity; 4. Progressive Systematical
Insanity; 5. Dementia; 6. Organic and Senile Dementia; 7. General
Paralysis; 8. Insane Neurosis (hysteria, epilepsy, hypochondriasis,
etc.); 9. Toxic Insanity; 10. Moral and Impulsive Insanity; and 11.
Idiocy. Ziehen[140] had a classification scheme which represented an
advance in some respects. Mania and melancholia were described as
affective psychoses, and paranoia as an intellectual disorder. He also
referred to mixed or combined forms. Imbecility, general paresis,
terminal deteriorations, etc., were grouped together under the general
heading of psychoses with intellectual defects.
The British Medico-Psychological Association has had an official
classification for many years. This was quoted by Savage[141] in 1907 as
follows:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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