The 314 drug habitués in the state hospitals of the entire country as shown by the census of January 1, 1920, and reported by the National Committee for Mental Hygiene, represented .15 per cent of the mental cases under treatment in those institutions on the same date. The 808 drug addicts shown by the same census in all of the institutions of the United States, both public and private, represented .34 per cent of the mental cases reported by them. The fact that the private hospitals showed 4.5 per cent of drug cases in the same census is significant. It indicates that these cases are largely cared for in institutions of that type, and furthermore, that their number is very small. The result of the investigations made in 1919 by a committee appointed by the Secretary of the United States Treasury is of great interest in view of the number of drug psychoses treated in our state hospitals. The committee's report[241] shows an estimated annual per capita use of opium in Italy of 1.25 grains; Germany, two grains; France, three; Holland, 3.5; and the United States, thirty-three grains. More opium is consumed here than in any other country in the world. The committee was of the opinion that ninety per cent of it was used for other than medicinal purposes. The estimated number of habitués in New York City at that time as reported by the City Commissioner of Health was 103,000. The questionnaire sent out by the committee to physicians registered under the Harrison Act showed that the number of cases under treatment for morphinism in various parts of the country was as follows:—California, 3,338; Connecticut, 11,740; Illinois, 8,218; Indiana, 8,438; Massachusetts, 14,770; New Jersey, 5,900; New York, 37,095; Pennsylvania, 10,202, etc. The estimated number of drug users in the United States was given at one million, and the amount of money expended by them annually was said to approximate sixty-one million dollars. In view of these statements the number of psychoses reported in the hospitals is astonishing. CHAPTER IX THE PSYCHOSES WITH PELLAGRA