The question as to what benefit is to be derived by the patient from a residence in a hospital for mental diseases is one which is often raised by relatives and friends. They are quite inclined to feel that if no medicines are being prescribed nothing is being done for the patient and that he could be cared for just as well at home. In considering this question it should be borne in mind that the persons under treatment in a hospital for mental diseases are there, either because they appreciate the need of hospital care themselves, or because, as a result of mental disorders, they are incapable of directing their own affairs, or are, in the eyes of the law, dangerous to themselves or others. Their property and other legal interests must be protected during their period of incompetence. Such persons are liable, if not adequately safeguarded, to enter into improper contracts or make legal conveyances that mean financial ruin to themselves as well as others. Unfortunate sexual irregularities frequently occur. Conduct disorders of various kinds are to be expected and a tendency towards criminal acts is common to several of the psychoses. It is a well-known fact that every mentally unbalanced individual is potentially dangerous, no matter how harmless he may appear. The suicide rate of the country as shown in one hundred of the largest cities has not fallen below fourteen per hundred thousand of the sane population at any time during the last twenty years. The homicide rate in thirty-one of our large cities has not dropped below eight per hundred thousand of the population since 1909. Many of these crimes were undoubtedly committed by persons who should not have been at large and who were not responsible for their acts. The most important benefit derived by the patient in the hospital is the constant personal supervision given him by experts throughout the twenty-four hours of the day, whether he is asleep or awake. He gets the benefit of regular hours of rest and exercise, a properly regulated diet adapted to his needs, a sufficient amount of fresh air, and amusement and entertainments suited to his mental condition. He receives competent medical, dental and nursing care and is provided with opportunities for occupying himself in many different ways. Reading matter is always available for those who care for it. Even religious services are held for his benefit.