Mental Evolution in Man: Origin of Human FacultyRomanes, George John
Science
Mental Evolution in Man: Origin of Human Faculty
Romanes, George John
Evolution; Psychology, Comparative
2. A higher class of ideas, which by universal consent are also
common to animals and men; namely, those which Locke called Complex,
Compound, or Mixed. These are something more than the simple memories
of particular perceptions; they are generated by the mixture of such
memories, and therefore represent a compound, of which “particular
ideas” are the elements or ingredients. By the laws of association,
particular ideas which either resemble one another in themselves, or
frequently occur together in experience, tend to coalesce and blend
into one: as in a “composite photograph” the sensitive plate is able
to unite many more or less similar images into a single picture, so
the sensitive tablet of the mind is able to make of many simple or
particular ideas, a complex, a compound, or, as I have called it, a
_generic_ idea. Now, a generic idea of this kind differs from what
is ordinarily called a general idea (which we will consider in the
next paragraph), in that, although both are generated out of simpler
elementary constituents, the former are thus generated as it were
spontaneously or anatomically by the principles of merely perceptual
association, while the latter can only be produced by a consciously
intentional operation of the mind upon the materials of its own
ideation, known as such. This operation is what psychologists term
conception, and the product of it they term a concept. Hence we see
that between the region of percepts and those of concepts there lies a
large intermediate territory, which is occupied by what I have called
generic ideas, or _recepts_. A recept, then, differs from a percept in
that it is a compound of mental representations, involving an orderly
grouping of simpler images in accordance with past experience; while
it differs from a concept in that this orderly grouping is due to an
unintentional or automatic activity on the part of the percipient mind.
A recept, or generic idea, is _imparted to_ the mind by the external
“logic of events;” while a general idea, or concept, is _framed by_ the
mind consciously working to a higher elaboration of its own ideas. In
short, a recept is _received_, while a concept is _conceived_.
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