Metapsychical Phenomena: Methods and ObservationsMaxwell, J. (Joseph)
Philosophy
Metapsychical Phenomena: Methods and Observations
Maxwell, J. (Joseph)
Parapsychology -- Investigation
_Vaso-Motor._—Secretory phenomena; vascular phenomena; perspirations,
etc.
EXOSOMATIC AUTOMATISM
(_Exteriorisations_): _Motor._—Telekinesis; psychography (direct
writing); psychophony (direct voice).
—— _Sensitive-Sensorial._—Telepathy; telæsthesia.
—— _Plastic._—Materialisations; apports, etc.
On the other hand, if we examine fraud in a general manner, we
will notice the following correspondences: the words conscious and
unconscious are taken in the sense of the personal consciousness:—
_Motricity: normal._ 1. Conscious and Conscious voluntary
voluntary fraud. Simulation;
movements. responsibility.
—— —— 2. Conscious but Conscious impulsive
involuntary fraud. Simulation;
movements. irresponsibility.
—— —— 3. Unconscious and Impulsive and
involuntary unconscious fraud;
movements. irresponsibility.
—— _paranormal._ 4. Exteriorisation of No fraud.
motricity and
plasticity;
telekinesis;
materialisations.
_Sensibility: normal._ 5. Voluntary Voluntary and
falsehood. conscious fraud.
Simulation;
responsibility.
_Sensibility: normal._ 6. Illusions; No fraud; no real
hallucinations; phenomenon.
hypermnesiæ;
paramnesiæ.
—— _paranormal._ 7. Exteriorisation of No fraud; real
the sensibility; phenomena.
clairaudience;
telepathy;
clairvoyance.
As for true exosomatic automatism, there can be no question of fraud
as far as it is concerned. This classification, which I only give as
an experiment, appears to me more complete than that of Ochorowicz’s
(_Annales de Sciences Psychiques_, vi. 97). The latter distinguishes—
(_a_) Conscious fraud.
(_b_) Unconscious fraud:
in the waking state } Medianity of an
in the trance state } inferior order.
(_c_) Partial, automatic fraud } Medianity of a
(_d_) The pure phenomenon } superior order.
If we compare Ochorowicz’s table with mine we will notice that his
conscious fraud corresponds to Nos. 1 and 5 of my classification.
His unconscious fraud to No. 3.
I divide his partial, automatic fraud into the classes 2, 3, and 6.
The pure phenomenon into the classes 4 and 7.
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