Meteorology: The Science of the AtmosphereTalman, Charles Fitzhugh
Science
Meteorology: The Science of the Atmosphere
Talman, Charles Fitzhugh
Meteorology
The cohesive character of moist snow, which is utilized by the younger
generation in the making of snowballs and snow men, enables this
substance to assume naturally a variety of striking forms. Thus a
strip of snow lying along a window ledge or the branch of a tree, will
sometimes slip down in the middle and hang in festoon-shape, supported
only at the ends, constituting a “snow garland.” Over a level or
gently sloping surface of snow the wind occasionally rolls muff-shaped
snowballs, which are known as “snow rollers.” Thousands of them are
sometimes formed at once, and the largest may grow to the size of
barrels. Huge overhanging caps of snow formed on tree stumps, posts,
and the like have been aptly named “snow mushrooms” by Mr. Vaughan
Cornish, who has described those that occur in great numbers in the
Selkirk Mountains of western Canada.
[Illustration: AN ICE STORM AT PHILADELPHIA, DECEMBER, 1914. The
branches are broken by heavy deposits of glaze. The photograph in the
upper left corner, by Dr. David Fairchild, shows a glaze-incased twig.
(_Photographs from U. S. Weather Bureau._)]
Perhaps the strangest of all the shapes assumed by snow is seen in the
greatest perfection in the high Andes of tropical Argentina and Chile.
Here are found innumerable pinnacles of snow or glacier ice, averaging
from four to seven feet in height, though sometimes much higher. Viewed
from a distance, they bear an uncanny resemblance to throngs of
white-robed human beings, and they have thus acquired the Spanish name
of _nieve de los penitentes_ (“snow of the penitents”). In the abridged
form _nieve penitente_ this name is now applied to more or less similar
formations in other mountainous regions. Fine examples are found in the
Himalaya, and one of the Himalayan peaks has been named Mount Nieves
Penitentes. The origin of these pinnacles has been the subject of
much discussion. Sunshine and wind both appear to take part in their
formation. Some remarkable “snow honeycombs,” approaching the form of
_nieve penitente_, are produced in hot, dry summer weather among the
glacier fields of Mount Rainier.
[Illustration: THE NIEVE PENITENTE IN THE ARGENTINE ANDES
(_Photograph by Dr. Juan Keidel._)]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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