Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish AmericaJoyce, Thomas Athol
History
Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish America
Joyce, Thomas Athol
Mayas -- Antiquities; Mexico -- Antiquities
Pottery figurines,
serving as whistles, with one or more finger-holes, are not uncommon,
especially in the Uloa valley. As said before, the majority appear
to have been made in moulds, but the funerary figurines of British
Honduras (Pl. IX, 7–11; p. 82), also mentioned above, seem to have
been modelled by hand. Large solid hand-modelled heads have also
been found in Vera Paz, and were probably the heads of idols, since
Landa states that the latter were frequently made of clay among the
Maya. A fine specimen, which, to judge from the peculiarly cut teeth,
may be identified with the sun-god, is shown in Fig. 72. Smaller
solid figurines, but mould-made, have been found at Copan, Tikal and
other ruined sites; many of these show traces of paint, including a
turquoise-blue, and the details, though less bold, belong to a higher
type of art and correspond very closely with those of the stelæ.
[Illustration: FIG. 72.--Pottery head of the
sun-god; Nebaj, Guatemala.
(_Fleischmann Collection_)]
An interesting peculiarity of the Vera Paz representations in pottery
of the human face lies in the fact that beards and even moustaches
are not infrequently shown. The former class of adornment can be
paralleled in the ancient stone carvings, but the moustaches on
the latter are rather problematical, and in any case are not nearly
so full as those of the pottery faces of Vera Paz. Another find in
the same district, highly interesting from the point of view of
technique, consists in a number of spherical pottery beads, overlaid
with gold-foil of extreme thinness. The process by which the gold was
applied to the clay constitutes a problem of some difficulty, though
the specimens themselves recall the wooden beads, similarly overlaid,
discovered in the Totonac region (p. 144).
A certain amount of pottery has been discovered in the caves, both in
Yucatan and in the neighbourhood of Copan, which show traces of human
occupation. This pottery is peculiar in the fact that it appears in
no case to bear any definite relation to the other pottery of the
district. The Copan cave-pottery is for the most part in bottle form,
with faint gadroon mouldings or impressed key-patterns; while fragments
from a cave at Loltun, in Yucatan (immediately south of Uxmal), seem to
be in the main of bowls, sometimes with small ring-handles, and usually
with fine incised linear designs. The ware of the latter is black and
thin, and fragments of figurines occur, the technique of which recalls
that of British Honduras.
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