Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish AmericaJoyce, Thomas Athol
History
Mexican archæology : $b an introduction to the archæology of the Mexican and Mayan civilizations of pre-Spanish America
Joyce, Thomas Athol
Mayas -- Antiquities; Mexico -- Antiquities
devoted to the services of particular deities, or to the discharge
of definite functions, as was the Ome Tochtzin, or overseer of the
religious singers, who provided the latter with wine according to
the following peculiar practice. After the singing, the Ome Tochtzin
produced 303 canes, one only of which was bored throughout its length;
the singers drew one each, and he who was lucky enough to hit upon the
pierced cane had the sole privilege of drinking octli on that day.
It is impossible to enter into details as regards these priests with
special functions, and the interested reader may be referred to the
work of Sahagun. The Mexican priesthood exercised very little control
over the religious life of the subject cities beyond exacting the
tribute necessary for the maintenance of the temples and sacrifices,
and insisting on expiatory sacrifices in cases of breach of discipline
(as in the case of the Totonac of Cempoala for having received the
Spaniards). Subject to this very loose supervision, each city was
permitted to exercise its own particular form of worship, and, as has
been shown, the Aztec were always ready to adopt the worship of the
gods of their neighbours. The ceremonial garb of priests in general
consisted of black body-paint, sometimes with designs in ochre, and
a black mantle; their hair was never cut, and the lobes of their
ears were invariably torn in shreds owing to constant practice of
the penitential rite of blood-letting. The black-robed priests with
their long locks matted with blood and their torn ears made a great
impression upon Bernal Diaz when he first met them in Cempoala. The
sacrificial priest constituted an exception in so far as his garment
was red, but his five assistants, the Chalmeca, wore black, and were
distinguished by a headband ornamented with paper discs.
The Tarascan priests differed in several essentials from those of the
Aztec. Since the office was hereditary they formed a caste, their heads
were carefully shaved, and their principal _insignia_ were a pair
of golden tweezers, used for epilation, and a calabash containing
tobacco, employed to produce a state of ecstasy during which they were
supposed to hold communion with the gods. Among the Totonac were two
high-priests consecrated to Cinteotl, who were regarded with especial
veneration; they were widowers, over sixty years of age, wore garments
of jackal-skins, ate no fish, and their functions were the delivery of
oracles, and the preparation of manuscripts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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