Mexico and Her People of To-day: An Account of the Customs, Characteristics, Amusements, History and Advancement of the Mexicans, and the Development and Resources of Their CountryWinter, Nevin O. (Nevin Otto)
History
Mexico and Her People of To-day: An Account of the Customs, Characteristics, Amusements, History and Advancement of the Mexicans, and the Development and Resources of Their Country
Winter, Nevin O. (Nevin Otto)
Mexico; National characteristics, Mexican
East of the City of Mexico about twenty-seven miles lies the village
of San Juan Teotihuacan. Near this hamlet are traces of a great
city covering more than four square miles, and remains of walls and
fortifications, a part of the wall that still stands being more than two
hundred feet thick and thirty-two feet high. The most marked features
of these ruins are the numerous pyramids, great and small, which lie
scattered over the plain. Teotihuacan means “City of the Gods,” and
doubtless these pyramidal structures were a necessary part of a holy
city in the eyes of the race that constructed them, and were mounds of
worship. Otherwise why would a race build such great structures at such
an infinite cost of labour?
The largest of these numerous pyramids is called the “Pyramid of the
Sun,” which has a base seven hundred feet square, and a height of one
hundred and eight-seven feet. The next largest is the “Pyramid of the
Moon,” which is one hundred and thirty-seven feet high, and has a
base four hundred and fifty feet square. At a distance the pyramids
seem rather insignificant, and their outlines resemble an ordinary
steep-sided hill, but on nearer approach they are better appreciated. The
comparison with the noted pyramids of Egypt would, at first glance, seem
unfavourable, for the vegetation and vines that cover the sides rather
hide the pyramidal outline. They were probably higher originally, but
the destructive work of man and action of the elements have reduced the
size. Recent investigation shows that these pyramids are built in layers
of volcanic rock, cement, pottery and sun-dried brick. There are five
layers—each layer being a complete pyramid in itself.
It is supposed that on the summit of each pyramid was a platform which
supported great golden images of the sun and moon respectively, but no
vestige of any such image has ever been discovered. If made of gold,
and the Spaniards set their eyes on it, it would not have remained long.
Authorities differ as to whether the Toltecs, or a race that preceded
them, erected these mighty structures. The Mexican government has
undertaken the work of restoring the two pyramids, and has appropriated
a large sum of money to carry on the work. Several hundred labourers are
now engaged in denuding them of the soil and growth of centuries that
covers them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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