The administration of Palafox as viceroy was of but short duration. He occupied the colonial throne but five months, yet, during that brief space, he did something that signalized his name both honorably and disgracefully. He seems to have been ridiculously bent upon the sacrifice of all the interesting monuments which were still preserved from the period of the conquest as memorials of the art and idolatry of the Aztecs. These he collected from all quarters and destroyed. He was evidently no friend of the friars, but sought to build up and strengthen the secular clergy whose free circulation in the world brought them directly under the eyes of society, and whose order made them dependent upon that society, and not upon a corporation, for maintenance. During his short reign he manifested kindness for the Indians; caused justice to be promptly administered, and even suspended certain worthy oidores who did not work as quickly and decide as promptly as he thought they ought to; he regulated the ordinances of the Audiencia; prepared the statutes of the university; raised a large body of militia to be in readiness in case of an attack from the Portuguese; visited the colleges under his secular jurisdiction; and, finally, in proof of his disinterestedness, refused the salary of viceroy and visitador. CHAPTER IX. 1642-1654. SOTOMAYOR VICEROY.--ESCALONA VINDICATED.--MONASTIC PROPERTY.--BIGOTRY OF PALAFOX.--GUZMAN VICEROY.--INDIAN INSURRECTION.--REVOLT OF THE TARAHUMARES.--SUCCESS OF THE INDIANS--INDIAN WARS.--DUKE DE ALBURQUERQUE VICEROY--ATTEMPT TO ASSASSINATE HIM.--COUNT DE BANOS VICEROY.--ATTEMPT TO COLONIZE.--ESCOBAR Y LLAMAS AND DE TOLEDO VICEROYS.--DEPREDATIONS OF BRITISH CRUISERS.--NUNO DE PORTUGAL VICEROY. DON GARCIA SARMIENTO DE SOTOMAYOR, COUNT DE SALVATIERRA, MARQUES DE SOBROSO, XIX. VICEROY OF NEW SPAIN. 1642-1648.