Royal Society, 8, 25, 31, 32, 37; as audience for Leeuwenhoek, 9, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24; confirm Leeuwenhoek’s discovery of microbes, 16; elect Leeuwenhoek Fellow, 16 Russian peasants, saved by Pasteur, 180-181 Ruth, Babe, 237 Rutherford, Ernest, 56 Salmon, D. E., 237, 238, 242 Salvarsan (606), discovered by Ehrlich, 350-356; deaths from, 356-357; Ehrlich cures human syphilis with, 355; Ehrlich cures syphilis of rabbits with, 353 Sand, George, 87 Schaudinn, F., discovers _Spirocheta pallida_, 351 Schwann, Th., experiments on putrefaction by microbes, 61, 76 Semmelweis, I., 145 Servetus, 4, 27 Shiga, I., 343, 344, 345 Silkworms, diseases of, 91-97 Sleeping sickness, 263-277; Bruce proves tsetse fly carries, 267-270; trypanosome of, discovered, 264-266 Smiles, Dr., 96 Smith, Th., 236-251; discovers microbe of Texas fever, 244; first experiments with Texas fever, 240; other references to, 252, 255, 259, 270, 278, 299, 315; proves ticks carry Texas fever, 246 Socrates, 166 Sola, Mr., experimental animal for Grassi, 303, 304, 328 Spallanzani, Lazzaro, 25-56; accused of theft from museum, 49, 50, 51; bladder of, preserved, 55; experiments cruelly on self, 41; experiments on multiplication of microbes, 53, 54; experiments on spontaneous generation of microbes, 32, 33, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44; other references to, 24, 57, 61, 76, 77, 78, 79, 123, 128, 298; proves microbes may live without air, 47; studies on sex, 41 Spanish immigrants, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 323, 324, 326, 332 Speyer, F., 347 Speyer, G., 347 _Spirocheta pallida_, discovered by Schaudinn, 351 Spontaneous generation, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 78, 79, 86, 97 Syphilis, 229-232; human, cure of, by salvarsan, 355; of rabbits cured by Ehrlich’s salvarsan, 353; prevention of, by Roux and Metchnikoff, 229-232 Taute, injects self with nagana, 276 Texas fever, 238-251; Th. Smith discovers microbe of, 244 Thuillier, L., killed in experiments with cholera, 141; other references to, 161, 164, 165, 173 Tick, of Texas fever, 239-251; Smith proves carries Texas fever, 246 Toxin, of diphtheria, 187-206; discovered by Roux, 189-193; foretold by Loeffler, 187 Trécul, M., 99 Trypan red, discovered by Ehrlich, 345; fails to cure nagana and sleeping sickness, 346 Trypanosome, of nagana, 257-262; of mal de caderas, 342-352; of sleeping sickness discovered by Bruce, 264-266 Tsetse fly, carries nagana, 259-262; Bruce proves, carries sleeping sickness, 267-270