Milch Cows and Dairy Farming: Comprising the Breeds, Breeding, and Management, in Health and Disease, of Dairy and Other Stock, the Selection of Milch Cows, with a Full Explanation of Guenon's Method; The Culture of Forage Plants, and the Production of Milk, Butter, and Cheese: Embodying the Most Recent Improvements, and Adapted to Farming in the United States and British Provinces. With a Treatise upon the Dairy Husbandry of Holland; To Which Is Added Horsfall's System of Dairy ManagementFlint, Charles Louis
Science
Milch Cows and Dairy Farming: Comprising the Breeds, Breeding, and Management, in Health and Disease, of Dairy and Other Stock, the Selection of Milch Cows, with a Full Explanation of Guenon's Method; The Culture of Forage Plants, and the Production of Milk, Butter, and Cheese: Embodying the Most Recent Improvements, and Adapted to Farming in the United States and British Provinces. With a Treatise upon the Dairy Husbandry of Holland; To Which Is Added Horsfall's System of Dairy Management
Flint, Charles Louis
Cows; Dairying
The figures impressed on the butter are given by the mould, where it is
deeply engraved; or they are made after the butter is taken out of the
mould, and for this purpose a peculiar instrument is used, Fig. 117, a
kind of flat wooden spoon, with a short, convenient handle, and long
grooves in the broad, flat surface. Each region has its own peculiar
stamp, or special figures, which are given to lump-butter, to which
particular attention is paid by the purchaser. The butter-dealer knows
exactly that in one section butter is stamped in one way, in another
section in some other way; and that the butter of one section, with its
peculiar stamp, is worth more than that of another.
The butter-moulds are generally made of linden-wood, but must always be
large enough to hold at least a certain prescribed weight of butter; for
all lump-butter brought for sale to the weekly market must be of a
prescribed weight. This weight is very different, and almost every city
has different regulations and market customs; yet, in most places, a
pound is the legal weight. Certain market-masters, or inspectors of
butter, are appointed, and watch that all the butter has its proper
weight. If too light, it is forfeited by the seller, who is also
punished for fraud. The butter brought to market is generally covered
with very clean white cloths, and several sample lumps are put for
inspection in a large butter-bowl, basket, or shallow box.
Many dairymen are accustomed in spring, when the first grass butter is
made, to send their regular customers a few little lumps of fresh May or
grass butter. These presents generally have a peculiar form, and on the
specimens most carefully prepared some animal is moulded, as a sheep
lying down, a dog, &c., with a bunch of green grass or buttercups in its
mouth. The dairy-woman herself usually presents this butter in a
beautiful milk-bowl adorned with grass and flowers, covered with
glittering white cloths.
THE PACKING OF BUTTER IN FIRKINS AND BARRELS.--If the butter packed in
firkins and barrels is to be kept a long time, experience and knowledge
are required to pack it so that it will not be injured. The form and
size of these casks are different in different sections and provinces.
Where butter-making forms a chief branch of dairy business, the
particular form and size which have been used for a long time are
adhered to, because dairymen know very well that the public recognizes
their choice butter by the form and size of the casks, and buys it the
more readily. The greatest anxiety of the Dutch butter-maker is to keep
up the old, well-earned reputation which Dutch butter has in every
foreign country, both for its intrinsic good qualities, the result of
the process of manufacture, and for its extraordinary appearance as an
article of commerce.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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