Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the RenaissanceJacob, P. L.
History
Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance
Jacob, P. L.
Europe -- Social life and customs; Manners and customs -- History; Middle Ages; Renaissance
The tomb of a personage of rank or wealth was often decorated with
secondary figures, carved in relief in marble or stone--sometimes the
Virgin, or some saint, or some scene from the Old or the New Testament;
upon one side the personification of the virtues, upon the other,
mourners, or perhaps the family of the deceased. Thus there are carved
figures of the princes and princesses of the second House of Burgundy
around the tomb of Philip de Marle at Lille; a funeral ceremony was
represented upon that of Philip the Bold at Narbonne.
In the fourteenth century, the sculptors surmounted the tomb with
a bed, upon which a figure of the deceased was carved, with a kind
of stone dais or canopy; two angels with outstretched wings held a
spread-out veil, upon which they were bearing aloft a small naked
figure, standing erect, and meant to represent the soul of the
deceased person. In other monuments, the angels had a censer, with
which they are scattering incense upon the soul of the departed, as
at Neuilly-sur-Marne, upon the tomb of the famous preacher Foulques,
who died about the year 1200. In others, the angels are represented
holding the helmet and shield of the deceased, bearing up his train, or
presenting him on their knees an open prayer-book. The tomb of Philip
Pot (Fig. 358), formerly in the abbey-church of the Cistercians, was
supported by eight statues of women dressed in mourning. Some of the
statues placed upon the tombs were carved out of hard limestone instead
of marble; those of Charles VII. and his consort were of alabaster. In
many cases the hands and the head only were of alabaster or marble,
and the rest of the body of stone. The tomb of the Sire de Barbazan,
who died in 1432, was entirely of bronze; that of Charles VIII. at St.
Denis, constructed of the most valuable marble, had on it the statue
of that prince in bronze, flanked by four angels, each with the royal
shield.
[Illustration: Fig. 358.--Tomb of Philip Pot, Grand Seneschal of
Burgundy, who died in 1494; formerly in the Abbey of Citeaux, now
in the Museum at Dijon. The knight is laid out upon a sepulchral
stone, which is being borne up by eight mourners, each of whom
carries on the arm a shield of his family alliances.]
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